Abstract

By simply introducing metal salts into paraffin, Co and Fe single atoms dispersed in candle soot (CS) can be directly collected from the flame of home-made candles without any byproducts. STEM, XRD and XANES analysis demonstrate that Co and Fe exist in single atom state. The prepared Co-CS and Fe-CS, with high specific area and excellent sulfur loading capability, can be used as innovative host for cathode to assemble Li-S pouch cells, and exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with higher specific capacities (approximately 1250 mAh/g at 0.1 C with 7.5 mg/cm² sulfur loading) and improved cycling stability (retaining about 63 % of capacity after 50 cycles) than bare CS host. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that Fe-CS/Co-CS decrease the energy barriers of conversion reactions from Li2S8 to Li2S due to the increased binding energy between Co-CS/Fe-CS and LiPSs, therefore effectively mitigating the polysulfides shuttle effect. Such a strategy holds promise for practical cell-level designs in Li-S batteries.

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