Abstract
The present study reports for the first time the quantification of resveratrol and the use of biotechnological techniques applied to stilbene productions in species from genus Ugni and calli production from adult explants (fruits). Resveratrol is synthesized by a series of families of higher plants, which has generated much interest in recent years for its antioxidant, anticancer and antitumor properties, which would allow longevity of cells to be prolonged. In this study, leaves and mature fruits were collected from three sites in Southern Chile and correspond to three ecotypes of the Chilean endemic species Ugni molinae Turz. (murtilla). These were established in vitro to prepare the callus and subsequent development of cellular suspensions for trans-resveratrol production. Our results showed that these stilbenes are present in murtilla and that their concentrations vary between ecotypes and tissues, reaching up to 553.5 µg g-1 of t-resveratrol produced in ecotype 3 callus. These values are relatively higher than those found in other plant species. Under optimum culture conditions, extraction of resveratrol from Ugni molinae is scalable to industrial levels, which makes it a viable alternative for obtaining stilbenes.
Highlights
Chile is a country with high biological diversity
Resveratrol (3,5,4’trihydroxystilbene; t-R) a phytoalexin that belongs to the stilbene family, is naturally occurring in its isomeric forms cis and trans, or bound to a glycoside
The trans isomer is a bioactive compound with several health benefits prolonging cells longevity (Baur and Sinclair, 2006). These compounds have been identified in fruits of commercial interest, such as peanuts, pistachios, grapes and some berries (Rocha-González et al, 2008). t-R is typically obtained from these sources by conventional extraction and separation techniques that involve costly chemical methods and large volumes of plant tissue. This has a number of disadvantages, such as its content in raw material is low and accumulates slowly, there is a wide variability among individuals and abusive use may lead to eradication of plant species (Trejo-Tapia and Rodríguez, 2007; Rocha-González et al, 2008)
Summary
Chile is a country with high biological diversity. Here high concentrations of antioxidants provided by natural compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenolic acids, have been identified in native and/or endemic plant species (Ruiz et al, 2010; Rubilar et al, 2011). The trans isomer is a bioactive compound with several health benefits (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-diabetic) prolonging cells longevity (Baur and Sinclair, 2006) These compounds have been identified in fruits of commercial interest, such as peanuts, pistachios, grapes and some berries (e.g., blueberries) (Rocha-González et al, 2008). T-R is typically obtained from these sources by conventional extraction and separation techniques that involve costly chemical methods and large volumes of plant tissue This has a number of disadvantages, such as its content in raw material is low and accumulates slowly, there is a wide variability among individuals and abusive use may lead to eradication of plant species (Trejo-Tapia and Rodríguez, 2007; Rocha-González et al, 2008). This study aimed to assess for the first time the t-R content in three ecotypes of Ugni molinae
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