Abstract
To investigate the microphysics mechanism and the factors that influence arc development along a polluted surface, the arc was considered as a plasma fluid. Based on the image method and the collision ionization theory, the electric field of the arc needed to maintain movement with different degrees of pollution was calculated. According to the force of the charged particle in an arc plasma stressed under an electric field, a calculation model of arc velocity, which is dependent on the electric field of the arc head that incorporated the effects of airflow around the electrode and air resistance is presented. An experiment was carried out to measure the arc velocity, which was then compared with the calculated value. The results of the experiment indicated that the lighter the pollution is, the larger the electric field of the arc head and arc velocity is; when the pollution is heavy, the effect of thermal buoyancy that hinders arc movement increases, which greatly reduces the arc velocity.
Highlights
The discharge along the polluted surface of insulators is a major problem in power transmission systems, and it remains a hot issue in the field of high voltage insulation [1]
Based on the investigation of force analysis on the arc and its effect on arc velocity, the arc velocity was found to be dependent on the electric field of the arc head
This work focused on the arc velocity along the polluted insulation surface with an anode–cathode distance of 5 cm
Summary
The discharge along the polluted surface of insulators is a major problem in power transmission systems, and it remains a hot issue in the field of high voltage insulation [1]. Many different models [6,7] covering each phase of the discharge process have been presented, these studies are mainly qualitative or experiential, and no related report on the microphysics mechanism has been detailed up to now. The force factors on the developing arc and the velocity characteristic of arc with the polluted degree along the polluted surface can provide theoretical support for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of polluted flashover. Various methods have been used to investigate the instantaneous arc velocity along the surface of polluted insulators [10,11], these are purely theoretical or purely empirical, and they are only valid under certain conditions. The body force was measured in the experiment [13], and the arc velocity was investigated using an electrolyte instead of a wet polluted layer [14], the conditions are still very different from those of the wet polluted layer of an actual insulator, reflecting the actual condition effectively is difficult
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