Abstract
A simple method to calculate the coupling length of the spatial waveguides is presented in this paper. Spatial waveguides with same center–center separation space and different center–center vertical and horizontal distances are studied using the field matching method. The analysis results indicate that the coupling length strongly depends on the center–center separation space. Therefore, the coupling length of spatial waveguides can be calculated using the existing formula for planar waveguides. The proposed method is verified using the three-dimensional full-vector beam propagation method.
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