Calculation of Aircraft Emissions During Landing and Take-Off (LTO) Cycles at Batumi International Airport, Georgia

Abstract

In this paper, aircraft emissions (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons) were estimated during landing and take-off (LTO) cycles for the year 2018 at Batumi International Airport in Georgia. The calculation model is based on flight data recorded by TAV Airports Holding Corporations in Georgia, including type and number of aircraft, engine type, number of passengers, and emission factors from the International Civil Aviation Organization Engine Exhaust Emission Databank were used for estimating the emissions. The total aircraft emissions during the LTO cycle were assessed as 68.96 t/y (39.78 t/y for NOx, 25.92 t/y for CO, and 3.26 t/y for HC) at Batumi international airport. Domestic flights were accountable for 68% of the total LTO emissions in 2018. The findings displayed that NOx was mainly released during the take-off and climb-out modes, accounting for 27% and 37% of the total emissions. CO and HC emissions were released mostly in taxi mode and responsible for 77% and 70% of total emissions. The assessment demonstrates that a 2-minute reduction in taxi mode results in an approximate 6% reduction in LTO emissions. To predict future emissions, it was evaluated that a 50% increase in LTO cycles would result in an increase of approximately 55-60% in emissions.