Burn injuries caused by ship fire: A 12-year study in Shanghai

Abstract

The 105 patients admitted to our Burn Institute from 1st January 1996 to 31st December 2007, with ship fire-related burns were studied retrospectively. The mean age was 30.2 ± 12.6 years with a range of 1–58. One hundred and three patients (98.1%) were men and 2 (1.9%) women. The mean total burn surface area (TBSA) was 46.5%, mostly deep burns. The most common areas of burn were the head, neck and upper limb. Summer months July, August, June and September were times of highest incidence. Fifty-seven (54.3%) patients had inhalation injury, 42 received tracheotomy, and 38 received mechanical ventilation. The treatment was complex, difficult, long, and costly. The interval between burn and start of resuscitation ranged from 2.1 to 67 h with a mean of (5.9 ± 4.4) h. Forty-two patients (40%) started intravenous fluid resuscitation 6 h after burn. Twenty-four patients (23%) received insufficient fluid resuscitation developed hypotension and severe shock at admission. Ninety-two (87.6%) patients required operations including tracheotomy, debridement and grafting, per patient was 5.2. The mean length of hospital stay was 44.2 days. Pulmonary edema was the most common complication during the early post-burn period (within 7 days), and sepsis during the later period (>7 days). Nine patients died of MODS or sepsis, giving a mortality rate of 8.57%. Conclusion: Caution and preventive measures are needed for persons in ships for fire-related burns.