Abstract
Transition-metal oxides, such as RuO₂, offer an exciting alternative to conventional metals for metamaterials and plasmonic applications due to their low optical losses in the visible and near-infrared ranges. In this manuscript we report observation of optically excited surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and bulk plasmons in RuO₂ thin films grown using DC reactive magnetron sputtering on glass and TiO₂ (001) substrates. We show that both plasmon modes can exist simultaneously for the infrared region of the optical spectrum, while only the bulk plasmons are supported at higher optical frequencies. Finally, we demonstrate that the film properties can be tailored to favor excitation of either SPP or bulk plasmons.
Highlights
Polaritons result from strong coupling between electromagnetic waves and phonons and/or plasmons, which are respectively charge oscillations of ions in a multipolar lattice or just of the charge density [1]
We have studied a potential alternative low-loss conductive oxide RuO2 for the development of novel metamaterials and plasmonic applications
In the present work we report on the investigation of the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and bulk polaritons in RuO2 films
Summary
Polaritons result from strong coupling between electromagnetic waves and phonons and/or plasmons, which are respectively charge oscillations of ions in a multipolar lattice or just of the charge density [1]. Several researchers are currently considering conducting oxides and nitrides as alternative plasmonic materials, including indium tin oxide (ITO) [17,18,19], fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO or SFO) [1], aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) [20] and some nitrides such as TiN or ZrN [12] In this manuscript we present an experimental and theoretical investigation of polariton excitation in RuO2 to evaluate its prospective use as an alternative plasmonic material for the NIR spectral region. Our results suggest that depending on the application, it may be possible to tailor the properties of a RuO2 film to favor either SPP or bulk plasmon excitation
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