Abstract
Widespread low-rise residential buildings with a seismically resistant concrete frame and brick infill walls have lower microclimate levels in cold seasons due to low temperatures on the inner wall corner surfaces.These temperatures are lower if there is a corner column. For Bishkek, this temperature is 4.6 °C lower than that for permissible microclimate, even when the external wall has the required 70 mm of mineral wool slab insulation. It is caused by the negative effect of the wall corner thermal bridge. This effect is determined by ArchiCAD 20 software packages by visualizing the temperature distribution in the cross-section of the corner, which needs an additional thermal insulation layer of 40 mm. Using the LiraSAPR 2013 software package, the authors reduced the square cross-section dimensions of the column by 40 mm to allow for that additional thermal insulation layer. The optimal width of this layer is determined for different options for the meeting angle of two external walls from 70° to 180°. For a typical 90° angle, an acceptable width is 860 mm. With this insulation, it is possible to achieve the required temperature at the corner. The authors eliminated the negative thermal effect of the corner by rounding it with cement-sand plaster. Using the isotherms, it was determined that the rounding radius of 300 mm allowed for equal temperatures on the corner and inner surface of the external walls. The achieved results show that the microclimate formed as in a room without external wall corners.
Highlights
The main purpose of the work is to study and solve the problem of creating appropriate corner structures of buildings to ensure the required standards for microclimate and seismic resistance.Considering the features of buildings located far from the equator and in mountainous regions, the authors concluded that the structural solutions of the corners of the outer walls require comprehensive consideration and improvement
The authors found that the existing low-rise concrete frame residential buildings are built with an unjustifiably large cross-section of columns, which create a negative effect of thermal bridges [1]
These structures lead to the appearance of mold [2, 3, 4] and worsen the indoor microclimate and sanitary-hygienic conditions [5].The connections of the external walls to the reinforced concrete column [6] and the corners of the external walls lead to a decrease of temperature on the corresponding inner surface [7, 8].To prevent such negative consequences, it is required to provide a layer of thermal insulation on the external side of these surfaces [9]
Summary
The main purpose of the work is to study and solve the problem of creating appropriate corner structures of buildings to ensure the required standards for microclimate and seismic resistance.Considering the features of buildings located far from the equator and in mountainous regions, the authors concluded that the structural solutions of the corners of the outer walls require comprehensive consideration and improvement. The urgency of this task is because in these regions a large number of people live in poorly studied low-rise buildings. The second package was used for a study of the temperature distribution on the cross-section of the corner structure of the external walls with a reinforced concrete corner column
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