Abstract
ABSTRACT Viticulture is an activity of great economic and social importance in the Submedium region of the Sao Francisco River Valley, with emphasis on table grape and wine production. With the increasing expansion of the viticulture, a growing number of alternatives that do not affect fruit quality have been studied to maximize table grape yield, such as pruning and load adjustment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different bud loads on canopy management to enable the marketable and economic production of cv. Sugrathirteen (Midnight Beauty®) in the submedium region ofthe Sao Francisco River Valley. This study was carried out for two years (2014/2015) in an experimental area for the introduction of new cultivars patented by Prodomo Farm in the municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block factorial 2 × 5 design, with two seasons and 5 treatments, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 buds short_textwhich correspond toshort_text 17, 23, 29, 34 and 40 buds·m–2 short_textrespectivelyshort_text, distributed in 4 plots, considering five plants per replicate. Our results show that pruning seasons significantly affected sprouting percentage. However, the difference in bud load influenced this variable, with higher values in the pruning at 14 buds in both seasons. According to the results, the selection of pruning system according to bud load and to genetic features of the cultivar, and their interaction with the environment, produced higher yields in pruning with 10 buds, without negatively affecting grape quality.
Highlights
Viticulture development in Brazil is mostly based on the results of studies that attempt to improve cultivation practices, aiming at higher yields and improved quality of the cultivated grape
In the first production cycle, formation pruning was performed in mid-November 2013, with bud pruning in “crowns” or base buds, which consists of providing a good vegetative development to the young plant, being a way of determining the shape and height of the trunk, in which it will remain throughout its useful life, and application of Hydrogen cyanamid at 2% (Dormex®) to standardize sprouting
Shoots were already lignified as from July 2014, and production pruning and harvest were performed in October 2014
Summary
Viticulture development in Brazil is mostly based on the results of studies that attempt to improve cultivation practices, aiming at higher yields and improved quality of the cultivated grape. It requires identifying and characterizing varieties better adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions in these regions and capable of producing quality wine grapes (Brighenti et al 2013). Apirenic cultivars have been preferred in the market (Santos et al 2014), and this encourages the use of new areas These cultivars have serious difficulties in adapting to tropical conditions in their first years of cultivation; in some cases, they produce berries smaller than the size required by consumer markets (Ferrara et al 2014). All cultivars used have been introduced in the region over the last years, and have required adaptation from the original management plan (Souza et al 2012)
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