Buccal Space Collection of Ozonized Sunflower Oil Following Off-Label Injection: A Case Report

Ozonated sunflower oil (OSO) is a well-known functional oil with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, and skin-moisturizing properties. However, studies on the effects of OSO on high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced metabolic disorders have been scarce. In the current study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of OSO on lipid metabolism in adult hypercholesterolemic zebrafish and its embryos. Microinjection of OSO (final 2%, 10 nL) into zebrafish embryos under the presence of carboxymethyllysine (CML, 500 ng) protected acute embryo death up to 61% survival, while sunflower oil (final 2%) showed much less protection at around 42% survival. The microinjection of OSO was more effective than SO to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in the CML induced embryo toxicity. Intraperitoneal injection of OSO under the presence of CML protected acute death from CML-induced neurotoxicity with improved hepatic inflammation, less detection of ROS and interleukin (IL)-6, and lowering blood total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), while the SO-injected group did not protect the CML-toxicity. Long-term supplementation of OSO (final 20%, wt/wt) with HCD for 6 months resulted in higher survivability than the HCD alone group or HCD + SO group (final 20%, wt/wt) with significant lowering of plasma TC and TG levels. The HCD + OSO group showed the least hepatic inflammation, fatty liver change, ROS, and IL-6 production. In conclusion, short-term treatment of OSO by injection exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity against acute neurotoxicity of CML in zebrafish and their embryo. Long-term supplementation of OSO in the diet also revealed the highest survivability and blood lipid-lowering effect through potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Hamster breeding is becoming increasingly popular, mainly because of the simplicity of breeding, low cost, and characteristics of these animals: they are small, quiet, and do not require a large space. Because of this ease of keeping, some people choose to keep more than one animal of the same species in a single enclosure. In some cases, this sociability can lead to fights, because hamsters are extremely territorial animals, which can cause significant injuries. Knowledge of the most efficient methods for wound healing is essential in medicine for wild and exotic animals, as it allows faster clinical treatment and thus, stress reduction. The present case report refers to the therapeutic treatment of an extensive skin lesion in a golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) using ozonized sunflower oil. The treatment, which lasted 23 days, allowed complete healing of the lesion.

Although most breast masses in children are benign, breast cancer must be considered in the differential diagnosis. The majority are represented by sarcomas and secondary lesions. Literature reports only four cases of neuroblastoma breast metastasis, with no emphasis on radiologic features. Our work aims to furnish a description of radiologic and sonographic features of neuroblastoma metastasis in the breast. A 15-year-old girl had a round nodular mass in the outer upper quadrant of the left breast that had rapidly enlarged over the last month. An ultrasound showed two subcutaneous nodules (3.8 cm and 1.3 cm in maximum diameter), with an irregular shape, heterogeneous echogenicity (isohypoechoic), and hyperechoic foci with a posterior acoustic shadow inside. Overall, the features were highly suspicious of secondary malignant lesions. Computed tomographic scan was performed and found a large retroperitoneal mass and multiple mixed secondary lesions to the spine and hip. A 14G core needle biopsy of breast masses was performed and showed a secondary localization of neuroblastoma. In adolescents, metastases are the most frequent cause of malignant breast masses. Ultrasound examination should be preferred as the first imaging tool. For the differential diagnosis of breast metastasis with benign masses, a rapid enlargement, a heterogeneous echogenicity, and intralesional hyperechogenic foci could be considered features of malignancy.

BackgroundThe use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) as a birth control method is very common worldwide. OCPs have many other labeled non-contraceptive indications, and as a result there is an associated risk of improper use, as with any other medications. This study was designed to assess the unforeseen improper uses of OCPs observed by community pharmacists in Jordan.MethodA cross-sectional study design was conducted using a self-administered survey. A convenience sample (n = 380) of Jordanian community pharmacists, were recruited through social media resources. The survey included multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were completed using SPSS.ResultsMore than half of the recruited pharmacists (55.3%) were female, and the mean age of the participants was 32.58 ± 9.94. The majority of the pharmacists (85%) had good knowledge about the non-contraceptive indications of OCPs. About 53% of them confirmed their exposure to cases of the improper use of OCPs. About 67.5% of the pharmacists who confirmed exposure to such cases, reported the topical use of OCPs for the enhancement of hair growth. Around 15% of those pharmacists stated that OCPs were used to give negative results for addictive drug screening tests. In the event that the pharmacists suspected improper use, more than 90% suggested they would refrain from dispensing the pills.ConclusionThis study has spotlighted many unforeseen uses of OCPs in Jordan and highlighted the need for restricted national regulations on the monitoring of OCP prescription/selling patterns in Jordan by policymakers. Moreover, there is a need for the establishment of national educational programs for the Jordanian community regarding the safe proper use of OCPs.

A case report is a description of a clinical case that has unique features. It may include a previously unreported clinical condition or observation of a disease, a unique use of imaging or diagnostic tool to reveal a disease, a new therapeutic intervention of a known disease, a previously unreported complication of a disease, or a new adverse event from a medication. A case report should be crisp, focused, and include few figures and references. A case report generally has a short unstructured or no abstract, a brief or no introduction, a description of the case, a discussion and a brief conclusion. Case reports are valuable sources of new and unusual information that may stimulate further research and applicability to clinical practice. Writing case reports properly is important if they are to be accepted by journals and credible and useful to readers.

Phytochemical properties of Cyrtocarpa edulis peel exert antimicrobial activity and enhance immunobiological parameters in Almaco jack Seriola rivoliana cells

Policies and Reporting Guidelines for Small Biopsy Specimens of Mediastinal Masses

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Dapsone gel is a topical treatment for facial acne in adolescents and adults, and while systemic dapsone therapy is known to be associated with methemoglobinemia, once-daily topical dapsone has been well tolerated with few side effects in large randomized controlled trials. We describe the first reported case of severe methemoglobinemia in a healthy adolescent using daily topical dapsone. Although the medication was prescribed for facial use only, the patient reported topical use over her back and chest as well. This case illustrates the potential for significant systemic dapsone absorption even with daily topical dosing and demonstrates the need for clear anticipatory guidance to prevent the potential morbidity and mortality associated with methemoglobinemia from improper topical dapsone use.

Hypogeusia and hyposmia with topical 5-fluorouracil treatment

There are a number of people with rheumatic, joint and muscle diseases, and the medical treatment of patients suffering from these diseases requires an improvement through alternative methods. Pain is the main symptom of rheumatic diseases and chronic pain affects the physical and mental condition, lowering quality of life and ability to work. Natural products derived from plants with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemo-preventive properties have been used for many generations in traditional medicine. The essential oils extracted from different plants have certain analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antibacterial, immunostimulating properties, etc. Products have been made based on essential oils with therapeutic properties (daphne, ginger, basil), which can be used to treat the surface of tanned sheep fur for medical purposes. Ecological requirements have led to the development of new fur processing technologies, such as wet-white tanning of fur to eliminate or reduce the amount of complex salts of trivalent chromium. The sheep furs were tanned (without metals) with syntans based on phenolsulfonic acids and aromatic oxysulfones and treated with products based on essential oils with therapeutic properties, to be used to make medical fur articles (lumbar and cervical belts, knee pads, elbow pads, bootees, etc.). They can improve rheumatic, muscular and circulatory conditions, complementing the medical treatment of patients suffering from these conditions. Heat can relieve rheumatic pains (transmitted through the application of natural fur). The work presents the chemical, physical-mechanical and microbiological characterization of natural furs for medical use.

The granular cell tumor, also called Abrikossof tumor or granular cell myoblastoma is a rare benign tumor found in several locations. Approximately 5% of cases occur in the breast and is related to breast cancer of 1: 1000. The histogenesis of the tumor is uncertain. It is believed that its appearance is the result of the altered metabolism of Schwann cells, this being reinforced by the presence of S-100 protein immunohistochemical. In breast cancer, the tumor occurs in both sexes, between 30 and 50 years, focusing equally on both breasts, being more common in superior medial quadrant (course of the supraclavicular nerve). Clinically, granular cell tumor presents as nodules poorly demarcated, painless, and sizes ranging from 0.5 to 3 cm and may occur in the deep portion of the mammary tissue, leading to fixation to the pectoral muscle, and thus causing shrinkage nipple and skin, mimicking malignancy. Its differential diagnosis is made with apocrine carcinoma and a mammogram and ultrasound are not useful for differentiation with cancer. The granular cell tumor has a good prognosis, most commonly treated with surgical excision of the lesion with clear margins, and may recur in 15% if excision is incomplete. CASE REPORT: CSP, 23, female, single, nuligesta, Catholic, born and raised in Bahia, without comorbidities and without any personal and / or family history of breast pathologies. Complained - is the appearance of a nodule in the left breast for 3 months of rapid growth and painless. On physical examination, breast medium volume, symmetrical, with a 1.5 cm nodule, painless, hard, mobile, located in the inferomedial quadrant of left breast with no axillary lymph node. Performed breast ultrasound showing a nodule at the junction of the medial quadrants of the left breast of 1.1 x 0. 9 x 1.0 cm with irregular borders and mammography nodule with spiculated margins to 13 mm in the inferomedial quadrant, with limits bad defined. Patient brought fine needle aspiration done at another facility, with results suggestive of breast carcinoma. In Hospital Pearl Byington-core biopsy was performed, indicating granular tumor cells suggested by the presence of protein S-100 in imunohitoquimica. The patient underwent tumor excision with margins, and the diagnosis confirmed in paraffin. Currently, the patient is under regular follow-up this facility, with no recurrence for 9 months.

INTRODUCTION: The intramammary epidermal cyst is rare. Its localization more common is back, neck and scalp. Mammograms and ultrasound can be variable, mimicking benign and malign diseases. This diagnosis rarely is suspected. The etiology is diverse: congenital, trauma (including breast surgery), occluded hair follicles, otherwise associated to fibroadenoma or fibrocystic disease when ductal ectasia is present. It can evolve and increases until rupture with pain, inflammatory process or abscess. These complications can be seen after breast surgical procedures for aesthetical, diagnostic or therapeutic reasons. The resection of epidermal cyst is diagnostic and therapeutic. CASE REPORT: A 45 years-old man has presented right breast painful lump since November 2010 associated to growing, purulent nipple discharge and flogistic symptoms which regressed spontaneously. He has never taken any drug. Physical examination has showed retroareolar lump in right breast measuring 2 cm, nipple discharge and without axillary lymphadenopathy. In December 2010, ultrasound revealed right retroareolar, irregular, hipoecogenic nodule measuring 2. 7 cm. In February 2011, the needle aspiration sample was suggestive of mammary cyst. In March 2012, mammogram showed right retroareolar, regular nodule measuring 5 cm and BI-RADS 0. He had normal exams: renal and hepatic biochemical exam; thyroidal and sexual hormones; and tumoral markers to testicular neoplasia. In Juny 2012, the resection was carried out and histopathological study was epidermal cyst and organizing abscess. DISCUSSION: We describe a rare case of epidermal cyst in man. This disease can appear in any age and your frequency is unknown. Most similar cases in literature were female. In this report, gynecomastia was excluded and clinical and radiological findings have suggested fibroadenoma. The differential diagnosis with epidermal cyst is difficult and uncommon for the reason that it can imitate benign and malign lesions. The histopathological study is the best to define it. The epidermal cyst can degenerate in squamous carcinoma: 0.5 to 19%. When treated, the epidermal cyst has an excellent prognosis.

Peripancreatic and biliary tuberculosis (TB) is a rare condition in Taiwan. Its low incidence, together with its non-characteristic clinical manifestations and radiologic findings, which highly mimic those of pancreatic neoplasia, pose a diagnostic challenge for both clinicians and imagers. We presented a case with such typical scenario and a literature review which focused on the commonly used diagnostic approaches. We reported our observations that in the presence of a pancreatic/peripancreatic mass with obstructive jaundice, the absence of the pancreatic duct dilatation, the abnormal enhancement of the common bile duct on the magnetic resonance imaging, and a persistently high SUV_(max) on the delayed phase F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography may aid in raising the suspicion for peripancreatic/biliary TB, and enlisting it in the differential diagnosis. The utilization of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration may avoid unnecessary surgery in the diagnosis of such disorder.

Cervical Myelomalacia in a Lamb (<i><scp>O</scp>vis aries</i>) and an Alpaca (<i><scp>V</scp>icugna pacos</i>) after Attempted Intramuscular Injection