Abstract
A vactrain (or vacuum tube high-speed flying train) is considered as a novel proposed rail transportation approach in the ultra-high-speed scenario. The maglev train can run with low mechanical friction, low air resistance, and low noise mode at a speed exceeding 1000 km/h inside the vacuum tube regardless of weather conditions. Currently, there is no research on train-to-ground wireless communication system for vactrain. In this paper, we first summarize a list of the unique challenges and opportunities associated with the wireless communication for vactrain, then analyze the bandwidth and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of vactrain’s train-to-ground communication services quantitatively. To address these challenges and utilize the unique opportunities, a leaky waveguide solution with simple architecture but excellent performance is proposed for wireless coverage for vactrains. The simulation of the leaky waveguide is conducted, and the results show the uniform phase distribution along the horizontal direction of the tube, but also the smooth field distribution at the point far away from the leaky waveguide, which can suppress Doppler frequency shift, indicating that the time-varying frequency-selective fading channel could be approximated as a stationary channel. Furthermore, the train-to-ground wireless access architectures based on leaky waveguide are studied and analyzed. Finally, the moving scheme is adopted based on centralized, cooperative, cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), so as to deal with the extremely frequent handoff issue.
Highlights
The rise of High Speed Railway (HSR) around the world enables a faster, safer, and cheaper transportation system that caters for the demand of numerous passengers
When α increases, which means that the amplitude of the leaky wave propagated in the waveguide will be further attenuates, the results show that the fields in the vacuum tube show an attenuation trend along the longitudinal direction
The direct-link approach assumes a direct connection between leaky waveguide and user equipments (UEs)
Summary
The rise of High Speed Railway (HSR) around the world enables a faster, safer, and cheaper transportation system that caters for the demand of numerous passengers. The current railways communication system based on LTE cannot support the train-to-ground communication for vactrain. Same as the current HSR [17] and maglev train [7], the train-to-ground wireless communication is crucial for the safe operation of vactrain. Closed metal vacuum tube and ultra-high velocity—the train-to-ground wireless communication for vactrains will be more challenging than that of the current HSR [19] and maglev train. We first reviews wireless communication technologies researched or deployed in the railway systems, analyze their feasibility for vactrain’s train-to-ground communication.
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