Abstract
An isotropic, photonic electric-field meter (PEFM-15) having 15 cm resistively tapered dipole elements and Pockels effect electro-optic modulators is used to measure electric fields of 10 to 100 V/m from 10 kHz to beyond 1 GHz. The probe's frequency response is flat within ±3 dB from 30 kHz to 100 MHz except for a region between 1 and 10 MHz where acoustic resonances occur in the LiNbO3 modulator crystals. For a 3 kHz detection bandwidth, the noise equivalent field is approximately 7 V/m, thereby giving a calculated linear dynamic range of 68 dB in field power density. The probe's isotropic response is flat within ±2 dB, and the response of each dipole closely follows the curve predicted by theory. An optical-beam switch that connects the individual dipoles to a laser source and optical receiver is also described.
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