Bridging Governance and Technology: Key Determinants of AI Adoption in Public Administration

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between artificial intelligence and emotional intelligence in public administration and to justify the concept of digital leadership, which integrates technological solutions with the socio-emotional competencies of civil servants. The study explores how the balanced implementation of AI and EI contributes to improving decision-making quality, adaptability to changes, and effective leadership in public governance. Design / methodology / approach. The study employs a systematic analysis to identify the structural connections between AI, EI, and leadership in public administration. A comparative analysis is applied to assess existing models of digital governance, while modeling is used to develop an integrated concept of digital leadership. This methodological approach enables the identification of key challenges associated with AI adoption, including algorithmic bias, the digital competence gap among public officials, and trust issues regarding automated decision-making. Findings. The study establishes that the effective interaction between AI and EI in public administration is feasible only when leaders possess a combination of cognitive, emotional, and technological competencies. It is demonstrated that excessive automation without consideration of social aspects reduces public trust in government institutions and creates barriers in leader-subordinate communication. The research proposes a digital leadership model that harmonizes strategic thinking, adaptive personnel management, and AI-driven decision support. This model ensures that AI enhances governance efficiency without undermining the role of human expertise and social responsibility. Practical implications. The study provides practical recommendations for improving leadership strategies in public administration, focusing on the development of digital competencies among civil servants, increasing the transparency of algorithmic decision-making, and implementing ethical oversight mechanisms for AI use. The findings contribute to the enhancement of governance strategies that balance technological advancements with human-oriented leadership principles. Originality / value. The research is significant in the context of ongoing digital transformation in public administration. It emphasizes the necessity of integrating AI into decision-making processes while preserving the role of EI in leadership effectiveness. The proposed model of digital leadership offers a novel approach to optimizing governance structures, ensuring their adaptability, and maintaining trust in public institutions amid rapid technological advancements. Future research directions. Further studies should focus on expanding AI capabilities for personalized leadership training, evaluating the effectiveness of emotional intelligence analysis in personnel policy, and developing regulatory frameworks to govern AI's influence on public administration processes.

The Republic, at its core, is a political system based on sharing, participation, and trust. Therefore, the state of the relationship between the government and the citizens is of paramount importance for the health of the system. The aim of this study is to elucidate a small part of this relationship at the local level on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of our Republic. In this context, the study attempts to analyze the impact of good governance practices on trust in public administration. This is because the level of trust that citizens have in public administration is one of the key determinants of the distance in the state-citizen relationship. Additionally, it is acknowledged that well-functioning governance mechanisms also have an impact on trust in public administration.
 The study, the impact of the governance practices of responsiveness, accountability, transparency, and participation on trust was analyzed. Data were collected from 367 citizens living in the Uşak province (Turkey) through face-to-face and online surveys. The Structural Equation Modeling analysis revealed that all four dimensions of governance had a statistically significant positive effect on citizens' trust in public administration. The lowest impact on trust was observed in the dimension of participation. As a result, it can be said that well-functioning governance mechanisms and processes are a necessity to enhance citizens' trust in public administration at the local level. Furthermore, the development of methods that encourage greater citizen participation in these mechanisms and processes will contribute to increasing trust.

Recent studies suggest that individual perceptions of information credibility are important determinants of knowledge utilization in government decisionmaking. This theory—credibility logic—has been mostly normative. One positive theory, cognitive response, is used along with credibility-logic arguments to predict evaluations of alternatives with varying degrees of net benefits and information credibility. Experimental results for 75 MPA students using a 3x3 repeated measures with Latin square design found mixed support for cognitive-response theory. Credibility was most important when it contradicted net benefit levels and for the evaluation of proposals reporting medium net benefits. One perplexing problem in public administration is how to get decisionmakers to use quality policy analysis. Explanations for this malaise based on the scientific status of policy analysis have proven inadequate (Dunn 1981; Schneider et al. 1982; Useem and Dimaggio 1978; Kahneman et al. 1982; Dror 1984). Alternative explanations include bounded rationality (e.g., limited time and cognitive abilities in evaluating information; cf. Wright 1974), poor knowledge-transfer strategies (Bowman 1978; Glaser et al. 1983; Leviton and Hughes 1981), and differences in values, goals, and work styles between decisionmakers and policy analysts (Aronson and Sherwood 1967; Dunn 1980; Weiss 1977; Landsbergen 1991; Cahill 1991). Others assert that scientific information may be just as valid as managerial experience, which is more useful in decisionmaking (Emmert 1985; Lindblom and Cohen 1979; Fischer 1980; Krimsky 1984; Nelkin 1979). These diverging explanations leave knowledge-utilization research in public administration with little theoretical core (Bozeman 1986). One recent theory—credibility logic—offers J-PAKT, 2(1992):3:315-331 some hope for a common ground. Credibility logic asserts that 315/ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory An Experimental Test of Cognitive-Response Theory individuals subjectively evaluate the believability of information on the basis of a variety of criteria often viewed as external to the decision, such as the organizational location (e.g., external or internal) of the information provider (Bozeman 1986; Landsbergen 1988; Coursey and Bretschneider 1991). For example, the scientific quality of the research, or its source, does not directly affect knowledge use. Instead, the decisionmaker's perception of the research design's quality and its purveyor are key determinants. Most credibility logic works concentrate on normative considerations rather than on developing and testing positive theories linking credibility to the use and persuasiveness of information. Other disciplines, such as communication and marketing, use more elaborate models based on a variety of positive theories such as cognitive response, but their definition of credibility is not germane to public administration knowledge utilization research. This paper bridges these research tracks by postulating and testing a series of hypotheses based on cognitive-response theory while maintaining the public administration definition of credibility. LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES Credibility-logic research has been mostly normative, that is, explaining how its premises are useful in evaluating the quality of policy analysis and how it merges traditional scientific models of policy analysis with alternative perspectives (Bozeman and Landsbergen 1989; Landsbergen and Coursey 1991). There is little positive theory associated with credibility logic, especially in predicting how credibility influences the choice among alternatives supported with varying information credibility. Recent experimental research (Landsbergen 1988; Landsbergen and Bozeman 1987; Bozeman et al. 1991) and simulation research (Mandell 1989) have tested the theory. In the experimental studies, however, subjects evaluated the credibility of information after making their decision, which violates the temporal precedence given in the model. Moreover, the theory provides little detail about exactly how credibility influences the use of information. Alternatives described with highly credible information are expected to be more persuasive than those with low credibility. This explanation is probably too simplistic. Other works in policy analysis and educational psychology demonstrate that a variety of decisionmaker and information characteristics may interact in determining the credibility of information (e.g., Braskamp et al. 1978; Brown et al. 1978; Glaser et al. 1983; Newman et al. 1979; Thompson et al. 1981). These studies, however, rarely either focus directly on credibility or test the relationship between credibility and final decisions.

Introduction: Artificial Intelligence in Morocco is one of the important levers that continues to be used for the modernization of public administration, especially in some sectors like education, health, security, and other administrative services. However, it is a journey that can streamline processes, saving money and enhancing the quality of public services, but in fact, this is a structural challenge hindered by ethical issue (data protection, algorithmic bias and others) that must be dealt with along the path. Considering this, the aim of the current paper is to assess the strengths and weaknesses that are obstacles for the adoption of AI in the Moroccan public administration, in alignment with the State modernization agenda. Objectives: The study tries to find out how AI influences the way public management works and how public services are delivered in Morocco. It examines the main factors that influence learning about AI, including the availability of technology, knowledge in civil servants, appropriate laws and any blockages from within the organisation. Principal component analysis and statistical tests are used to review AI’s role in health and education. Finally, it provides direction for including AI in public administration, considering its ethical problems and the country’s situation, to encourage improvements in the public sector. Methods: The factors influencing AI adoption were assessed using a quantitative descriptive approach complemented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Between 12 October 2021 and 19 October 2021, we surveyed 150 Moroccan civil servants, managers, and experts (from relevant sectors including education, health, and public administration) using Survey Sampling International. These include technological infrastructure, human resources, socio-political issues and organizational resistance. Results were substantiated through statistical analyses (Student's t-tests, bootstrapping) and discriminant validity models (Fornell-Larcker criterion). Results: Based on what we found, both using AI tools and automation were moderately connected to successful AI; technology infrastructure was connected strongly, demonstrating similarly powerful associations on the other utilisation end. Moreover, the effects seen from the variables are significant. For this reason, principal component analysis is the initial stage and it considers the top factors moved by some of the variables in the study, for example, both CT1 0.893 and AO3 0.843. Adopting CT and reorganising for AI has only been proven by thoroughly reviewing the organisation’s data. The model, in addition, explains almost 55 per cent of the variation in AI and its values depend on the reliability of the indices. It is concluded that issues such as people being resistant to change or RGs, the availability of adequate resources and thoughtful attention to organisational culture are all points that need consideration. Conclusions: To maximize benefits from AI in Morocco, it is imperative to invest in digital transportation infrastructure, provide training for public administration personnel, and establish an appropriate ethical legal framework. The fight against such cultural resistance and the need for algorithmic transparency are imperative. Within public services itself—especially health and education—automation of the repetitive and use of predictive analytics can change the way we create public goods like better health outcomes and improved literacy skills, provided the change is inclusive of the populations served and safeguarded against systemic bias

This chapter examines the strategic and political context shaping the role of information technology (IT) in Canadian government. We explore different dimensions to the link between IT and public administration, drawing on both the rising interest in the new public management (NPM) and new governance models based on a re-configuration of traditional organizational architectures, private or public, in which information technologies play a determinant role. Our underlying purpose, however, is first to expose the main political and bureaucratic forces that have shaped the adaptation and implementation of IT in the Canadian state and secondly, to review the Canadian public sector's main actions to date on these fronts. The resulting trends, in Canada and elsewhere, point to both new partnerships and predicaments. On the former, the growing importance of IT, and their solution providers, as well as the pressures for multi-stakeholder solutions in response to the information age, mean that private-public collaboration is increasingly common. Accordingly, the effectiveness of this collaboration is a key determinant in the adoption and deployment of IT within the public sector, as well as the forging of new governance models, hybrids of private and public actors. The resulting predicaments stem from the pressures on governments to embrace models of NPM, implying organizational innovation; but these pressures, in turn, mean that traditional controls and decision-making processes are no longer relevant. In many cases they become blockages. Thus, a primary purpose of this chapter, in reviewing Canadian government action, is to consider the different degrees of change and adaption created by IT as an enabling agent. Within the Canadian context, the main findings of this chapter can be summarized in the following manner: i) new information and communication technologies are inspiring radical changes to traditional governance models in all sectors; ii) notwithstanding the specificities of government, ITdriven reforms, within a NPM context imply a strong need to rethink traditional, Westminster-style, parliamentary systems of accountability, control and delivery; iii) despite growing resource allocations, the Canadian experience illustrates resistance to change, and an under-utilization of new technological capacities; and iv) critical events and emerging challenges in the future, such as the Year 2000 computer crisis and virtual governance, imply that this gradual and cautious path is not sustainable.

This article explores the critical need to understand the evolving landscape of project management within the public sector, driven by the imperative to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in public service delivery. The study aims to identify and analyze the key determinants that shape the development of project management in public administration, thereby providing insights into future trajectories and adaptation strategies. To achieve this, a comprehensive analytical approach is employed, synthesizing diverse factors influencing project management, including institutional frameworks, organizational capacities, cultural-social dynamics, economic constraints, and technological advancements. This research utilizes a multi-dimensional framework, examining both internal and external factors that impact project success. The analysis incorporates a review of contemporary literature, case studies, and comparative analysis to identify patterns and trends. The results reveal a complex interplay of these determinants, highlighting the growing significance of stakeholder engagement and the integration of advanced technologies. The study underscores the shift towards value-driven project management, emphasizing the importance of aligning project outcomes with societal needs and expectations, rather than solely focusing on traditional metrics like time and budget. The practical value of this research lies in its potential to inform policymakers and public administrators on strategies to optimize project management practices, enhance transparency, and foster innovation within the public sector, ultimately contributing to improved governance and public service outcomes. By providing a deeper understanding of the factors influencing project management in public administration, this study offers actionable insights for enhancing project success and ensuring that public projects deliver maximum value to society. The findings emphasize the need for continuous adaptation and innovation in response to evolving challenges and opportunities in the public sector.

Purpose. The aim of the article is to identify the key features of the innovative system formation in the Republic of Korea, to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages in the way of transformation of innovative processes taking into account the trends of global economic development. Moreover, it is crucial to identify the main trends in development of the Korean innovative system for the innovative development of Ukraine that is experiencing the modernization of its public administration. Research methodology included the application of the theory and the practice of innovation as well as the concept of national innovative systems (NIS), the principles of economic and technological paradigm as a methodological basis for the analytical assessment; methods of systematic approach, analogy and goals structuring, generalization – for identification of the key determinants of NIS development and development of proposals for innovative policy improvement as a component of state strategy of social and economic development of Ukraine. Findings. The research has identified the success factors of South Korea's National Innovative System (NIS), namely: close cooperation between the state, business and the scientific community in shaping and realizing national innovative potential; leading role in the innovative process of large financial-industrial groups; models of technology transfer, creation of innovative and creative clusters; the strategic role of the state in regulating the innovative system. In addition, the research has singled out NIS deficiencies which determine the further course for the transformation of innovative processes, namely: the need for further institutional restructuring of large corporate structures, the lack of development of venture capital institutions, the need to develop their own innovative potential in the sectors of creative and digital economies as well as science and technologies. The basic lessons that can be learned from the experience of the Republic of Korea are formulated and substantiated for the formation of the newest model of the national innovation system in Ukraine on conditions of modernization of its public administration. Originality. Scientific novelty of the research comprises identification and substantiation of the specific features of national innovative systems based on the example of the NIS in the Republic of Korea and deepening the scientific, theoretical and practical provisions of a new innovative policy taking into account the possibilities of its implementation in the context of modernization of public administration in Ukraine. Practical value. The practical significance of the research results is conditioned by the possibility of using the findings and recommendations developed within the framework of the innovative strategy for the development of the Ukrainian economy. The problems and limitations of the current Korean NIS, identified during the research, warn against such mistakes in the implementation of the innovative strategy in Ukraine which will allow the authorities that are responsible for managing innovation processes on different levels to put them in place more accurately when forming the appropriate innovation mechanism as a component of strategic innovation development - technological cooperation, to develop and implement innovative programs within the framework of integration of the Ukrainian economy into the global world. Key words: national innovative system; Republic of Korea; scientific and technological potential; innovative policy; public administration.

AI is reshaping economic policy and public administration worldwide. This study explores the ethical and societal implications of AI integration in governance and economic decision-making, with a focus on transparency accountability fairness and public trust. Through interdisciplinary qualitative analysis and case studies from Georgia's public sector, the research identifies challenges such as algorithmic bias, lack of legal safeguards, data privacy concerns and institutional readiness, highlights promising developments, including the establishment of the Georgia Technology Authority's AI office, national capacity-building programs and pilot AI systems in finance and law enforcement. Drawing from international best practices and local initiatives, the paper presents evidence-based policy recommendations to ensure that AI adoption in public governance serves democratic values, enhances service delivery and protects citizen rights. The findings contribute to the growing field of responsible AI and underscore the need for inclusive, transparent, ethically grounded governance frameworks.

ABSTRACTThe integration of AI in public services creates a paradox where efficiency can undermine effectiveness, affecting service quality, citizen trust, and stakeholder satisfaction. This study addresses the dual outcomes of citizen and employee satisfaction, highlighting the moderating role of Human‐AI collaboration in balancing these dimensions. Drawing on the Resource‐Based View (RBV) and Perceived Value Theory (PVT), the research examines AI's impact on citizen satisfaction (effectiveness) and employee satisfaction (efficiency). Data were collected from 805 government employees and 699 citizens across multiple Indonesian public agencies over a 6‐month period in 2024 and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results show that service accuracy, transparency, and trust enhance citizen satisfaction, while processing time, accessibility, and resource utilization improve employee satisfaction. Human‐AI collaboration moderates the relationship between efficiency and service quality, aligning effectiveness and efficiency to achieve dual satisfaction. By addressing theoretical gaps in public administration and AI adoption, the study underscores Human‐AI collaboration as a critical mechanism for integrating technological solutions with human oversight.

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers challenges and benefits to the public sector. We present an ethical framework to analyze the effects of AI in public organizations, guide empirical and theoretical research in public administration, and inform practitioner deliberation and decision making on AI adoption. We put forward six propositions on how the use of AI by public organizations may facilitate or prevent unnecessary harm. The framework builds on the theory of administrative evil and contributes to it in two ways. First, we interpret the theory of administrative evil through the lens of agency theory. We examine how the mechanisms stipulated by the former relate to the underlying mechanisms of the latter. Specifically, we highlight how mechanisms of administrative evil can be analyzed as information problems in the form of adverse selection and moral hazard. Second, we describe possible causal pathways of the theory of administrative evil and associate each with a level of analysis: individual (micro), organizational (meso), and cultural (macro). We then develop both descriptive and normative propositions on AI’s potential to increase or decrease the risk of administrative evil. The article hence contributes an institutional and public administration lens to the growing literature on AI safety and value alignment.

Standard indices and AI readiness criteria often do not adequately capture digital transformation's complex and context-specific dynamics in the public sector, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). These tools typically provide decontextualized, static indicators that fail to consider historical processes and the evolution of local institutions. Thispaper examines Argentina's experience with AI adoption in the public sector using the Digital Government Ecosystem (DGE) framework —a context-sensitive tool that emphasizes the interaction of institutional, organizational, and governance factors. Drawing on empirical data, the study analyzes how AI initiatives have emerged, evolved, and been influenced by both national and subnational dynamics. It argues that understanding AI implementation as a situated and evolving process is essential for developing more meaningful assessments and strategies in LMIC contexts. The findings aim to contribute to more accurate, locally grounded approaches to analyzing and guiding AI integration in public administration.

AI adoption in public administration: Perspectives of public sector managers and public sector non-managerial employees

This chapter examines the technological, economical and societal obstacles that may prevent Artificial Intelligence from being widely used in public administration. In order to fully utilise AI's potential to improve public administration, obstacles must be addressed. Adoption of AI necessitates a large initial financial outlay, which is sometimes limited by financial constraints and conflicting goals in the public sector. Additional financial strains are incurred by long-term maintenance and training costs. Social resistance to AI originates from worries about data privacy, distrust of automated systems, and fears about job displacement. Furthermore, the acceptance of AI may be slowed down by public awareness of its ethical ramifications. In order to fully utilise AI's potential to improve public administration decision-making, efficiency, and transparency, it is imperative that these obstacles be addressed. This chapter gives a detailed analysis of these barriers, offering stakeholders and policymakers insights in advancing AI adoption.

Connecting Through Technology During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Avoiding "Zoom Fatigue".

AI Deployment and Adoption in Public Administration and Organizations