Bridging Clinical and Entrepreneurial Intelligence: The Dual Acumen Model for Integrating Scientific Expertise and Innovation Strategy in Healthcare Leadership.

PurposeSmall- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increasingly implement digitalization in uncertain business environments. However, a dearth exists in the entrepreneurship literature for understanding the decision-making logic of digitalization as a management issue. Drawing on the effectuation theory, this study aims to explore the relationships between effectuation dimensions and SMEs’ digitalization.Design/methodology/approachUsing quantitative data collected from 345 Chinese SMEs through questionnaires, the authors conducted the principal component analysis and hierarchical linear regression analysis.FindingsThe results highlight significant positive relationships between the four effectuation elements – experimentation, affordable loss, flexibility and precommitment – and SMEs’ digitalization. Moreover, this research considers the environmental conditions as moderators and reveals that environmental dynamism and complexity associated with high uncertainty negatively moderate the effects of effectuation on SMEs’ digitalization.Practical implicationsSMEs embarking on digitalization should constantly experiment to determine optimal strategies while contemplating their affordable losses. Flexibility should also be maintained to discard unproductive tactics and redirect to other viable options. Additionally, precommitments can reduce the risk that SMEs encounter in digitalization process. While the effectuation principles consolidate the likelihood of a successful digitalization, this research recommends that entrepreneurs should carefully consider their possible application in uncertain environments.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by theoretically clarifying the decision-making mechanism of digitalization and extends the application of effectuation to this context by illuminating the influences of effectuation principles on SMEs’ digital transformation. The identification of negative moderating effects of environmental uncertainty also augments an academic criticism about uncertainty creating the conditions for effectuation.

Research Summary Recent research suggests that effectuation principles such as flexibility, precommitments, and affordable loss may differ substantially from one another. Responding to the call to clarify the effectuation concept, our study introduces the distinction between promotion‐ and prevention‐focused effectuation principles. It argues that promotion‐focused (prevention‐focused) principles are positively (negatively) associated with a firm's entrepreneurial orientation (EO). It further argues that causation is also promotion‐focused and positively associated with EO. An analysis of 151 Swiss energy small and medium‐sized enterprises supports this account. Thus, our study suggests that some effectuation principles are more similar to causation in their underlying regulatory focus and their relationship with EO than they are to other effectuation principles. We offer several paths for future research on effectuation, causation, and EO that emerge from these findings. Managerial Summary Practitioner‐oriented presentations and texts on entrepreneurial decision making frequently portray the means‐driven effectuation approach as opposite to the goals‐driven causation approach. Our study challenges this portrayal by highlighting substantial differences between the individual effectuation principles. Specifically, our research suggests that these principles differ in the underlying psychological processes and consequently in their relationships with key organizational attributes such as the firm's entrepreneurial orientation. In these important regards, some effectuation principles are actually more similar to causation than they are to other effectuation principles. Our study has substantial implications for the adoption of effectuation and for the “mixing and matching” of effectuation and causation. It not only makes a difference whether decision makers pursue an effectuation or causation approach, but also which effectuation principles they choose.

Effectuation approach, defined as both process and principles guiding decision-making logic at the firm level, has attracted entrepreneurship scholars’ attention for two decades. The majority of research focuses on effectuation approach as a whole, and few studies have explored related subconstructs, such as affordable loss. However, there is a scanty of empirical exanimations on single principle, which benefits an in-depth understanding of effectuation approach. Hence, based on the rivalry-versus-admiration perspective, this study investigates the relationship between CEO narcissism and affordable loss. On the one hand, the influence of individual personality differences on effectuation principles has been addressed and verified by empirical support. A firm’s affordable loss behaviors indicate the cognitive mechanism underlying effectuation principles. On the other hand, this study discusses the boundary of effectuation approach by including two powerful moderators, namely, perceived uncertainty and slack resources. Using data collected from 126 Chinese enterprises, our results indicate that under low perceived uncertainty and high organizational slack, CEOs high in narcissistic admiration are more likely to take on affordable loss investments, while narcissistic rivalry CEOs prefer to reduce affordable loss activities to secure their status—assertions that fully support our hypotheses. Management implications and future directions are interpreted in the discussion.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been regarded as the most important sector of any economy. In this era of globalization, the interna- tionalisation of the SMEs has become critical. At present, the studies on the internationalisation of the SMEs have attracted growing interests of the researchers. Several studies focused on SME internationalisation and its drivers in the last few decades. Among them, effectuation has emerged as an important theory for the creation of new ventures and it also plays a pivotal role in the internationalisation of the SMEs. In 2001, Sarasvathy introduced effectuation theory and it is now at the intermediate stage of development (Matalamäki, 2017). Primarily, effectuation theory explains two opposite logics (causation and effectuation) used by the expert entre- preneurs in decision making. Effectuation explains working on the means given to the effectuator and trying to explore possible effects from those means. The effectuator always tries to identify and exploit new opportuni- ties in the entrepreneurial process. This section addresses hitherto under- explored area of internationalisation where effectuation is used in explain- ing the trajectory of the SME internationalisation. There are five principles in the effectuation theory: the bird-in-hand princi- ple, the affordable loss principle, the patchwork quilt principle, the lemon- ade principle, and the pilot-in-the plane principle (Sarasvathy, 2001). The bird-in-hand principle focuses on the means (identity, knowledge and net- work) and the inputs from the stakeholders who are actually committed. Here, the effectuator needs to decide what he/she can do with the available means those are under his / her control. The affordable principle depicts how much an effectuator can lose to start a new venture. In addition, he/ she needs to focus on his/ her financial and psychological condition, when the effectuator thinks about affordable loss. Moreover, the affordable loss……….

Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Articles Withdrawn by Publisher SAGE Publishing regrets that these articles, due to an administrative error, were accidentally published OnlineFirst and in Volume 42 Issue 4 or in Volume 42 Issue 5 with different DOIs. The correct and citable versions of the articles remain Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 671–697. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795318 Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 769–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795347 Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 797–817. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795350 Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 631–666. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783431 Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 605–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783428 Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 571–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783429 Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 537–570. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783430 Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 734–768. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795346 Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 698–733. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795344

Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Articles Withdrawn by Publisher SAGE Publishing regrets that these articles, due to an administrative error, were accidentally published OnlineFirst and in Volume 42 Issue 4 or in Volume 42 Issue 5 with different DOIs. The correct and citable versions of the articles remain Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 671–697. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795318 Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 769–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795347 Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 797–817. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795350 Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 631–666. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783431 Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 605–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783428 Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 571–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783429 Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 537–570. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783430 Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 734–768. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795346 Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 698–733. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795344

Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Articles Withdrawn by Publisher SAGE Publishing regrets that these articles, due to an administrative error, were accidentally published OnlineFirst and in Volume 42 Issue 4 or in Volume 42 Issue 5 with different DOIs. The correct and citable versions of the articles remain Kiss, A. N., Fernhaber, S., & McDougall–Covin, P. P. (2018). Slack, Innovation, and Export Intensity: Implications for Small– and Medium–Sized Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 671–697. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795318 Jiang, H., Cannella, A. A., & Jiao, J. (2018). Does Desperation Breed Deceiver? A Behavioral Model of New Venture Opportunism. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 769–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795347 Hechavarría, D. M., Terjesen, S. A., Stenholm, P., Brännback, M., & Lång, S. (2018). More than Words: Do Gendered Linguistic Structures Widen the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurial Activity? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 797–817. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795350 Verver, M., & Koning, J. (2018). Toward a Kinship Perspective on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 631–666. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783431 Fang He, V., Sirén, C., Singh, S., Solomon, G., & von Krogh, G. (2018). Keep Calm and Carry On: Emotion Regulation in Entrepreneurs’ Learning from Failure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 605–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783428 Smolka, K. M., Verheul, I., Burmeister–Lamp, K., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2018). Get it Together! Synergistic Effects of Causal and Effectual Decision–Making Logics on Venture Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 571–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783429 Covin, J. G., Garrett, R. P., Gupta, J. P., Kuratko, D. F., & Shepherd, D. A. (2018). The Interdependence of Planning and Learning among Internal Corporate Ventures. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(4), 537–570. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718783430 Schwens, C., Zapkau, F. B., Bierwerth, M., Isidor, R., Knight, G., & Kabst, R. (2018). International Entrepreneurship: A Meta–Analysis on the Internationalization and Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 734–768. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795346 Li, C., Isidor, R., Dau, L. A., & Kabst, R. (2018). The More the Merrier? Immigrant Share and Entrepreneurial Activities. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 42(5), 698–733. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718795344

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap between entrepreneurial implementation intention and subsequent actions, addressing the isotropic issue under uncertain entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two rounds surveys, a total of 2,350 individuals are surveyed, and 240 of whom expressed entrepreneurial intention but had yet to start a business comprised the sample.FindingsThis research finds that entrepreneurial implementation intention has a significant positive relationship with subsequent actions, affordable loss mediates the effect of implementation intention on subsequent actions, environmental uncertainty negatively moderates the relationship between affordable loss and subsequent actions, and the indirect effect of entrepreneurial implementation intention on entrepreneurial action can be enhanced at the low level of environmental uncertainty.Originality/valueThis study contributes new insights to the literature on Rubicon model of action phases in entrepreneurship field by using affordable loss and uncertainty. It also contributes to the literature on affordable loss by examining how environmental uncertainty conditions the effect of affordable loss on entrepreneurial action. Additionally, the negatively moderating role of environmental uncertainty offers a new possibility to explain entrepreneurial uncertainty.

The present study aims to explore the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) concept with a combination of an effectuation concept. First, it examined the effect of ESE on resources acquisition in a new venture in an emerging country’s context. Second, it attempted to use effectuation principles, namely, affordable loss, set of means, and precommitment as mediators in a relationship between ESE and resource acquisition in a new venture. A sample of 462 agro-processing entrepreneurs is explicitly surveyed and interviewed. The hierarchical regression and structural equation model were employed to analyze the data. Results showed that an ESE has a significant positive effect on the venture’s resources acquisition ability. Moreover, results showed that the effect of ESE in resource acquisition is manifested through affordable loss, precommitment, and set of means principles. Theoretically, this study extends the knowledge on the mediating role of effectuation principles using ESE in pursuing essential venture functions such as resources acquisition.

Orientation: Once appointed, business rescue practitioners and turnaround professionals are faced with critical decision making of whether a distressed venture contains an opportunity as judged by reasonable prospect.Research purpose: This study investigated and explored the application of ‘effectuation theory’ principles and/or causation elements to the distressed venture opportunity (DVO) decision making.Motivation for the study: Effectuation is applied by experts to an entrepreneurial opportunity, and it was important to investigate whether effectuation and its principles would inform practitioners for better decision making when evaluating a DVO.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative study was conducted with 15 business rescue practitioners (BRPs) from the Gauteng province. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.Main findings: This study reveals that all five effectuation principles and some causation elements are applicable to the DVO judgement. The findings indicate that both effectuation and causation are applied in a complementary manner depending on the context.Practical and/or managerial implications: This study highlights the importance of applying effectuation and causation elements for practitioners to achieve success. By applying both logics, BRPs can build resilience in their strategies, be creative in adapting to solutions as they arise and engage with stakeholders in the business rescue process.Contribution and/or value add: This study extended the application of effectuation theory to distressed venture environments, offering insights into how practitioners can make better decisions when evaluating a DVO.

This study explores the relationship between nascent entrepreneurial intention (NEI) and the concept of ikigai, which refers to having a sense of purpose and fulfillment in life. It aims to examine how ikigai integrates with the Theory of Effectuation through the lens of the Balance Theory for a coherent structure. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 422 nascent entrepreneurs in Malaysia. This study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess the relationships among ikigai, NEI, and key constructs from Balance Theory and Effectuation principles. The findings reveal a significant positive association between a strong sense of ikigai and higher levels of entrepreneurial intentions. The integration of ikigai with Balance Theory strengthens the explanatory power of the model in understanding how personal purposes drive entrepreneurial action. Ikigai serves as a motivational catalyst that enhances entrepreneurial intention when balanced with effectual thinking. This study contributes to the literature by bridging the gap between the concepts of ikigai, entrepreneurial intention, and Balance Theory. The study’s inclusion can inform policymakers and practitioners in developing interventions and support mechanisms that foster a sense of purpose and fulfillment among aspiring entrepreneurs.

This study investigates how displaced women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia’s fragile institutional environment apply effectuation principles to sustain their businesses. Through analysis of five effectuation dimensions, we find that while affordable loss strategies and means orientation enhance business resilience, traditional effectuation approaches like partnership formation and rigid control mechanisms often prove ineffective in displacement contexts. This research makes three key contributions: first, it extends effectuation theory by identifying how institutional fragility fundamentally alters the utility of entrepreneurial strategies; second, it reveals displaced women’s innovative adaptations through informal networks and risk-minimising approaches; and third, it challenges universal applications of effectuation principles in crisis settings. This study contributes to sustainable entrepreneurship by demonstrating both the relevance and constraints of effectuation theory in crisis-affected environments. It underscores the importance of flexible, resourceful strategies for women entrepreneurs navigating systemic challenges, offering insights for policymakers and support organisations. Practical implications include designing capacity-building programmes that promote adaptive strategies, such as risk management and resource optimisation, while addressing the challenges of partnerships and rigid control mechanisms. By aligning with the goals of sustainable development, this research not only highlights the potential of effectuation principles but also unravels their limitations, providing a nuanced understanding of how entrepreneurial strategies can foster resilient livelihoods and sustainable economic practices in crisis-affected regions.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that the entrepreneurial project ongoingly is transformed. Empirically, three defining junctions demonstrate the malleability of the entrepreneurial project in perpetual action, expanding beyond effectuation theory on what constitutes given means, affordable loss, and other key concepts from this theoretical perspective. Drawing upon actor-network theory (ANT), this study demonstrates how different framing and support devices implicate different human and non-human actors in changing interpositions within the entrepreneurial process.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a longitudinal case study design. The case provides an overview of a new business’s emergence based on three identified translations, each representing critical junctures in the business’s development. An ethnographic approach is selected, which combines observations with qualitative interviews. This design allows the authors to focus on how the project emerges and is continuously supported by allies but is sometimes not supported by various human and non-human actors.FindingsThis study demonstrates that the entrepreneurial project undertaken by the entrepreneurial network changes as new humans or non-humans become part of it. Including a resource in the network means simultaneously changing the network. This interactionism shows that what sparks interest or attracts resources to a business idea is not simply an influx of additional resources but is simultaneously a dynamic definition of the entrepreneurial endeavour.Originality/valueThis paper examines how ideas are transformed into business ventures by using the ANT to expand understanding from effectuation theory. This shows that means, for instance, are not given but are co-created by the process of translation. In addition, which losses are affordable can be determined by the process within which the entrepreneur frames the project and manages to associate allies within and into the network.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into oncology is revolutionizing clinical practice by enabling personalized and data-driven cancer care. However, the successful implementation of AI solutions faces significant challenges, including a lack of clinical expertise among those deploying health information technology (IT) systems, insufficient AI knowledge among clinician informaticists, and geographic disparities in informatics expertise. This article explores the evolving role of physician informaticists, Chief Medical Information Officers, and physician Chief Information Officers in bridging these gaps. By 2022, over 2000 physicians in the United States have achieved dual board certification in clinical informatics and a medical specialty. These professionals uniquely integrate both clinical and health care IT expertise, serving as essential liaisons between clinical caregivers and IT developers. They lead innovations that streamline workflows, mitigate biases, and ensure ethical AI deployment, significantly enhancing patient care. Additionally, physician informaticists advocate for collaborative engagement among diverse experts, including IT professionals, AI specialists, and end-users, to foster comprehensive AI integration in oncology. As AI continues to advance, these medical IT leaders are essential in translating technological innovations into meaningful improvements in patient outcomes, quality of care, and health care delivery across provider organizations, insurance companies, and pharmaceutical firms. By embracing collaborative efforts and expanding their roles, physician informaticists are shaping the future of health care.

One of the main concerns of researchers and educators, particularly in the entrepreneurship domain, has been identifying the mechanism through which cognitive abilities and cognitive style affect the behavior of entrepreneurs. This is because of the crucial role that entrepreneurial decision-making personnels play in inspiring and enabling people to establish for new venture. This research investigates the connection of Cognitive Abilities/ Cognitive Style with Decision Making of the Entrepreneurs while applying Effectuation Principles. The sample was composed of 1,112 entrepreneurs involved in entrepreneurial activities or running businesses from Pakistan, Sindh both urban and rural areas of Sindh Province, operating in different industries or doing home based business in small or medium size enterprises. Cognitive abilities’ mediating impact on effectuation principles and decision making of entrepreneurs is analyzed through simple regression and multiple regression with the help Baron and Kenny four step model. Furthermore, cognitive abilities mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial decision making and effectuation principles. Findings of the current study suggested that cognitive abilities are the strongest predictor of effectuation principles followed by entrepreneurs in their decision making.