Abstract

We prove boundedness and polynomial decay statements for solutions of the spin pm ,2 Teukolsky equation on a Kerr exterior background with parameters satisfying |a|ll M. The bounds are obtained by introducing generalisations of the higher order quantities P and {underline{P}} used in our previous work on the linear stability of Schwarzschild. The existence of these quantities in the Schwarzschild case is related to the transformation theory of Chandrasekhar. In a followup paper, we shall extend this result to the general sub-extremal range of parameters |a|<M. As in the Schwarzschild case, these bounds provide the first step in proving the full linear stability of the Kerr metric to gravitational perturbations.

Highlights

  • The stability of the celebrated Schwarzschild [100] and Kerr metrics [72] remains one of the most important open problems of classical general relativity and has generated a large number of studies over the years since the pioneering paper of Regge–Wheeler [98]

  • The ultimate question is that of nonlinear stability, that is to say, the dynamic stability of the Kerr family (M, ga,M ), without symmetry assumptions, as solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations

  • The original approach to linear stability in the Schwarzschild case centred on socalled metric perturbations, leading to the decoupled equations of Regge–Wheeler [98] and Zerilli [113]

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Summary

Introduction

The stability of the celebrated Schwarzschild [100] and Kerr metrics [72] remains one of the most important open problems of classical general relativity and has generated a large number of studies over the years since the pioneering paper of Regge–Wheeler [98]. A necessary step to understand nonlinear stability is proving suitable versions of linear stability, i.e. boundedness and decay statements for the linearisation of (1) around the Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions. This requires first imposing a gauge in which the equations (1) become well-posed. In a separate paper, following our previous work on Schwarzschild [31], we will use the above result to show the full linear stability of the Kerr solution in an appropriate gauge

The Teukolsky Equation for General Spin
Separability and the Mode Stability of Whiting and Shlapentokh-Rothman
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Previous Work on Boundedness and Decay
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The Main Result and First Comments on the Proof
Page 10 of 118
Estimates Away from Trapping
Frequency Localised Analysis of the Coupled System Near Trapping
Page 12 of 118
Technical Comments
The Axisymmetric Case
Final Remarks
Other Related Results
Metric Perturbations
Canonical Energy
Precise Power-Law Asymptotics
Extremality and the Aretakis Instability
Nonlinear Model Problems and Stability Under Symmetry
Page 16 of 118
Scattering Theory
Stability and Instability of the Kerr Black Hole Interior
Note Added
Outline of the Paper
Page 18 of 118
The Teukolsky Equation on Kerr Exterior Spacetimes
Coordinates and Vector Fields
Foliations and the Volume Form
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Parameters and Conventions
The Teukolsky Equation for Spin Weighted Complex Functions
Spin s-Weighted Complex Functions on S2 and R
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The Spin s-Weighted Laplacian
The Teukolsky Operator for General Spin s
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Well-posedness
Relation with the System of Gravitational Perturbations
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Definitions of Weighted Energies
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Precise Statement of the Main Theorem
The Logic of the Proof
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Conditional Physical Space Estimates
Multiplier Identities
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Re aξ wr pβ4
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Local in Time Estimates
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The Admissible Class and Teukolsky’s Separation
Teukolsky’s Separation
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The Radial ODE
The Frequency-Localised Transformations
The Separated Null Frame
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Frequency Localised Norms
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Statement of the Theorem
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The Frequency-Localised Multiplier Current Templates
The Total Current Q and Its Coercivity Properties
The G1 Range
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Back to Physical Space
Statement of Degenerate Boundedness and Integrated Energy Decay
The Past and Future Cutoffs
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The Summed Relation
Global Physical Space Estimates
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Note on the Axisymmetric Case: A Pure Physical-Space Proof
Page 90 of 118
10.1 Statement of Red-Shifted Boundedness and Integrated Decay
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11.1 Statement of the Decay Theorem
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The r p weighed multiplier: r pβkξ L
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