Abstract
Purpose of Study: To study reparative osteogenesis and tissue integration characteristics for implanting three-dimensional mesh structures of titanium nickelide into a bone cavitary defect. Material and Methods: The authors modeled cavitary defects of femoral metaphysis experimentally in Wistar rats divided into an experimental group and control one. The study duration was 60 days in total. The methods of radiography, those of light and electron microscopy, X-ray electron probe microanalysis used. Results: Under implantation the defect was filled with cancellous bone the volumetric density of which more than 1,5-fold exceeded control values (р < 0.001). The implant had biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, it stopped inflammatory processes. The membrane protective barrier which prevented connective tissue sprouting was formed on the implant surface in the defect periosteal zone. The osteointegrative junction was formed being persisted up to the end of the experiment. Reparative osteogenesis was performed by direct intramembranous and apposition type. Conclusion: The implant of three-dimensional mesh titanium-nickelide structures has marked osteoplastic properties, and it can be successfully used in orthopedic surgery.
Highlights
Connective tissue ingrowth from the periosteal surface is the main obstacle for restitution of large-volume bone defects that is caused by a higher rate of migrating fibroblasts comparing with osteogenic cells [1,2,3]
Numerous studies have been performed to elucidate the main features of directed bone regeneration [9,10,11,12], but a number of issues remain unclear to this day
Cavitary defects of femoral metaphysis modeled in adult male Wistar rats in the experimental group (n=20) and control one (n=20); the defect volume was 0.02 cm3 that amounted for about 40% of total metaphysis volume
Summary
Connective tissue ingrowth from the periosteal surface is the main obstacle for restitution of large-volume bone defects that is caused by a higher rate of migrating fibroblasts comparing with osteogenic cells [1,2,3]. This can inhibit reparative osteogenesis process completely or partially, as well as be a cause of the defect filling with dense connective tissue of scarry type. Can individually manufactured membranes be used to achieve the desired shape and volume of bone tissue in the defect?
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