Abstract
Although the search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies, autogenous bone is still the gold standard for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas, and mainly, for alveolar ridge reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of autogenous bone graft incorporation process to surgically created defects in rat calvaria, using epifluorescence microscopy.Material and methodsFive adult male rats weighing 200-300 g were used. The animals received two 5-mm-diameter bone defects bilaterally in each parietal bone with a trephine bur under general anesthesia. Two groups of defects were formed: a control group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with blood clot, and a graft group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with autogenous bone block, removed from the contralateral defect. The fluorochromes calcein and alizarin were applied at the 7th and 30th postoperative days, respectively. The animals were killed at 35 days.ResultsThe mineralization process was more intense in the graft group (32.09%) and occurred mainly between 7 and 30 days, the period labeled by calcein (24.66%).ConclusionsThe fluorochromes showed to be appropriate to label mineralization areas. The interfacial areas between fluorochrome labels are important sources of information about the bone regeneration dynamics.
Highlights
The rehabilitation of the stomatognathic system is of great importance as it associated with the recovery of esthetic, functional and psychosocial recovery of the patients
The search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies5,9,24, autogenous bone is still the gold standard6,14 for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas23 and mainly, for the alveolar ridges reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation2
The knowledge of bone regeneration dynamics in autogenous grafts and their cellular and molecular mechanisms collaborates to these purposes, and allows for the exchange between biology and clinics, reflecting in the success of rehabilitation
Summary
The rehabilitation of the stomatognathic system is of great importance as it associated with the recovery of esthetic, functional and psychosocial recovery of the patients. The lack of bone in the alveolar ridge is a great challenge for the rehabilitation success. The search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies, autogenous bone is still the gold standard for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas and mainly, for the alveolar ridges reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation. Studies on bone reconstruction aim at improving the quality response and increasing new bone formation, as well as accelerating this process. The knowledge of bone regeneration dynamics in autogenous grafts and their cellular and molecular mechanisms collaborates to these purposes, and allows for the exchange between biology and clinics, reflecting in the success of rehabilitation
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