Abstract
The extracellular matrix(ECM), which is primarily composed of collagens and proteoglycans, plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration and interactions between cells. In this study, we produced chitosan/gelatin/bone marrow stem cells-derived extracellular matrix(C/G/BMSCs-dECM) scaffolds via lyophilization and cross-linking, and chitosan/gelatin(C/G) scaffolds were used as controls. For the C/G/BMSCs-dECM scaffolds, the average pore size was 289.17 ± 80.28 μm; the average porosity was 89.25 ± 3.75%; the average compressive modulus was 0.82 ± 0.07 MPa; and the average water uptake ratio was 13.81 ± 1.00. In vitro, the C/G/BMSCs-dECM scaffolds promoted bone marrow stem cells(BMSCs) attachment and proliferation. Moreover, improved osteogenic differentiation was observed for these scaffolds. Thus, C/G/BMSCs-dECM is a promising material for bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Every year, millions of people develop bone defects for a variety of reasons, and the use of scaffolds for tissue engineering is a promising approach for the treatment of these defects [1]
The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay results showed that the OD value associated with elution from the C/G/BMSCs-dECM scaffolds at 7 days was higher than that of the other groups, and there were no significant differences among the other 6 groups (Figure 2A)
The proliferation ratio of the cells associated with the C/G/BMSCs-dECM scaffold elution at 7 days was higher than that of the other groups (Figure 2B)
Summary
Millions of people develop bone defects for a variety of reasons, and the use of scaffolds for tissue engineering is a promising approach for the treatment of these defects [1]. Organic materials are needed for tissue engineering. The ECM is initially produced by cells and subsequently formed into a three-dimensional network [5], making it a suitable material for scaffolds. The scaffolds are decellularized using physical or chemical methods, and scaffolds coated with ECM are obtained. Liming Wang extracted intact bone marrow stem cells-derived ECM (BMSCs-dECM) and used it to form scaffolds for cartilage regeneration [13]. This method retains the bioactivity of the ECM. The mechanical strength of ECM scaffolds is low [13]; scaffolds made entirely of BMSCs-dECM cannot be used for bone tissue engineering
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