Abstract
The utilization of bone marrow and concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) to treat musculoskeletal conditions is based on the principle of promoting a therapeutic biologic environment through delivering mesenchymal stromal cells along with numerous anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating mediators. As such, the use of cBMA as a treatment approach for osteoarthritis of the knee has gained interest. Recent clinical evidence suggests that the application of cBMA for varying severities of knee osteoarthritis is predominately symptom-modifying, with limited evidence suggesting that there may exist an early disease-modifying effect through native tissue regeneration. Importantly, as investigation into this area of autologous cell therapy continues, there remains a critical need to standardize nomenclature, to define the composition, biologic activity, and stromal cell populations of cBMA preparations, and to optimize harvesting and processing protocols.
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