Abstract
Incremental techniques are always required for clinical cases of deep and/or large cavities restored with resin composite materials. The purpose of this study was to examine the bonding states of class 2 direct resin composite restoration applied by various incremental techniques after cyclic loading to simulate the intra-oral environment to define the appropriate technique. Three types of resin composites, namely, bulk-fill (B), flowable (F), and conventional resin composite (C), were applied to standardized class 2 cavities by incremental techniques with single- or bi-resin restoratives. After cyclic loading, the micro-tensile bond strength (μ-TBS) of the dentin cavity floor was measured. The Weibull modulus and Weibull stress values at 10%/90% probability of failure were analyzed. Single-resin incremental restorations with B or F and bi-resin incremental restorations with F + B and F + C demonstrated superior μ-TBS (quantitative ability), bonding reliability, and durability (qualitative ability) compared with the single-resin restoration with C (as control). Furthermore, F + B and F + C restoration yielded an excellent performance compared with the single-resin restorations with B, F, and C. In particular, the F + C restoration, which indicates not only the maximum mean µ-TBS, but also the highest values of the Weibull parameters, may be the optimal restoration method, including the esthetic benefits.
Highlights
Direct restoration using resin composite restorative materials with resin adhesive systems is a typical treatment method used to realize the concept of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) because the treatment contributes to conservation of sound tooth substance and ensuring esthetics
The purpose of this study was to examine the bonding states of class 2 direct resin composite restorations applied according to five types of incremental technique: three types of single-resin incremental restoration with bulk-fill (B), flowable (F) and conventional resin composite (C) and two types of bi-resin incremental restorations with F + B
Among the five types of resin restoration, it was confirmed that the μ-TBS did not vary function ofof the difference ofof the three positions, that is,is, mesial, central, and distal, reasa a function the difference the three positions, that mesial, central, and distal, gardless of the incremental restorations
Summary
Direct restoration using resin composite restorative materials with resin adhesive systems is a typical treatment method used to realize the concept of MID because the treatment contributes to conservation of sound tooth substance and ensuring esthetics. Present resin composite restorative materials (physical properties, handling, and esthetics) have been improved considerably during the past decades and can be applied to various clinical cases. Hybrid resin composites, which have excellent mechanical properties and superior color-matching characteristics, can be used in a wide range of clinical cases [2]. In recent hybrid resin composites, nanofilled resin composites have achieved high-mechanical properties and excellent operability because they contain a high concentration of nanoparticles [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
