Abstract
The article is devoted to the problems of improving the tax legislation of Russia at the stage of active implementation of blockchain technology, which is characterized by contradictory trends in the legal regulation of digital technologies. The relevance of the study of application of blockchain in tax relations is due to the need to assess the tax consequences of transactions using digital financial assets, as well as emergence of new directions for improving tax control based on blockchain technology. The purpose of the study is to analyze the provisions of Russian and foreign tax legislation, as well as doctrinal sources on improving legal regulation of tax relations in regard to blockchain technology. The study shows efficacy of the blockchain analysis for the purposes of tax and legal regulation carried out by developing concepts related to applying such technological solution as a tool in conducting cryptocurrency transactions. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the authors definition of the concept of blockchain technology for tax purposes, as well as in proving the value of legal regulation of tax relations applying blockchain. The practical implication is connected with voicing the need to develop legal regulation of applying blockchain technology when creating a system of transactional (automatic) taxation and levying the so-called smart taxes while fulfilling tax obligations in the context of introducing a goods traceability mechanism. This will also contribute to minimizing tax reporting. The research methodology are general and private scientific methods of knowledge: formal-legal, analysis, comparative-legal, and forecasting and modeling. The last two are often applied in tax law in light of digitalization and globalization.
Highlights
Digitalization is one of the most ambitious challenges for all branches of Russian law
In the field of taxation and fees, the process of introducing new digital technologies is manifested as substantial since there is no possibility at present to imagine implementation of tax administration as well as development of the tax law theory without taking into account the impact of the factor of technological development on real tax relations
It should be noted that blockchain technology as such is not a new phenomenon, and its practical application and theoretical studies have traditionally been associated with the fact that it is a necessary technological condition for cryptocurrencies, as well as a necessary technological element in the process of smart contracts functioning
Summary
Освящены проблемы совершенствования налогового законодательства России на этапе активного внедрения блокчейн-технологии, который характеризуется противоречивостью тенденций правового регулирования цифровых технологий. Цель исследования — провести анализ положений российского и зарубежного налогового законодательства, а также доктринальных источников по вопросу формирования направлений совершенствования правового регулирования налоговых отношений, реализуемых при условии использования блокчейнтехнологии. Проведенное исследование показывает опосредованность анализа блокчейна для целей налогово-правового регулирования, осуществляемого путем выработки концепций использования такого технологического решения в качестве инструмента при осуществлении криптовалютных операций. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в авторском определении понятия блокчейн-технологии для целей налогообложения, а также в доказательстве факта ценности правового регулирования налоговых отношений с применением блокчейна. Практическая значимость выражается в формулировании вывода о необходимости развития правового регулирования использования технологии блокчейн при создании системы транзакционного (автоматического) налогообложения и взимании так называемых «умных налогов», при исполнении налоговых обязанностей в условиях внедрения механизма прослеживаемости товаров, а также для минимизации налоговой отчетности.
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