BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE POTAPENKO INSTITUTE

Abstract

The paper summarizes the results of long-term research in Biotechnology Laboratory of All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking, from 1983 up to our days. The technology of clonal micropropagation of grapevine with the help of apical meristems with a size of 0.1‒0.2 mm has been developed. New biotechnological techniques were developed and improved at all stages of micropropagation from the formation of meristematic zones to planting vine in the ground. Improved planting material was obtained, which, according to the phytosanitary state, belongs to the category (Virus free) ‒ a material free from all known viruses and virus-like diseases (base material of class A). A basic nursery was created in the Nizhne-Kundryuchensky department of the experimental field. An unconventional method of breeding of grapevine seedlessness has been developed, which is based on the prevention of degenerative processes in the cotyledon when crossing both seedless parents and the subsequent culture of isolates. The technology of creating a collection of grapevine gene pools developed in the laboratory is based on minimizing the growth of test tube plants with the help of low temperature and illumination, adding growth and osmotic inhibitors to the nutrient medium.