Abstract
Problem encountered in the application of biopile technique for bioremediation of clay textured soils contaminated with crude oil is limited rate of air flow through the soil. It is a challenge to solve the problem by adding the soil with sand. The addition of sand is also indispensable for the well growth and activity of bacteria in the bioremediation process. This study aims to evaluate the addition of sand on bioremediation of a clay textured soil contaminated with crude oil using biopile technique at pilot scale of 2 tons capacity. The results showed a decline of 76% soil TPH concentration, from 4.22% to 1.00%, within 63 days. Total population of bacteria during the bioremediation process ranged from 1.00 x106 to 1.43 x 1011 CFUs.g-1 soil. At the end of the experiment, a loss in the types and content of some easily degrading hydrocarbon substances was observed.
Highlights
Selain meningkatkan perekonomian dan devisa negara, penambangan minyak bumi juga membawa risiko pencemaran lingkungan
This study aims to evaluate the addition of sand on bioremediation of a clay textured soil contaminated with crude oil using biopile technique at pilot scale of 2 tons capacity
The results showed a decline of 76% soil TPH concentration, from 4.22% to 1.00%, within 63 days
Summary
Selain meningkatkan perekonomian dan devisa negara, penambangan minyak bumi juga membawa risiko pencemaran lingkungan. Biopile merupakan salah satu teknik bioremediasi tanah tercemar minyak bumi dengan biaya pengolahan relatif rendah dan ramah lingkungan. Kondisi kelembaban dan ketersediaan udara dalam biopile juga dapat dikendalikan, sehingga pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri agen bioremediasi dapat terjaga. Distribusi oksigen di dalam biopile akan terhambat bila tanah yang diolah bertekstur klei. Menurut Vidali (2001), pada kondisi kelembaban tinggi seperti dalam biopile, tanah bertekstur klei sulit mengalirkan udara sehingga distribusi nutrisi dalam tanah tidak merata dan berdampak pada pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri pendegradasi (Charlena et al 2010). Pori tanah terisi oleh udara dan air dengan perbandingan yang tergantung pada tekstur tanah. Untuk meningkatkan kegemburan dan kemampuan tanah dalam menahan air dapat ditambahkan kompos. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi bioremediasi tanah bertekstur klei yang terkontaminasi minyak bumi menggunakan teknik biopile dengan penambahan pasir pada skala pilot berkapasitas 2 ton
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