Abstract
As a biodegradable material, black phosphorus (BP) has been considered as an efficient agent for cancer photothermal therapy. However, its systemic delivery faces several hurdles, including rapid degradation in blood circulation, quick clearance by the immune system, and low delivery sufficiency to the tumor site. Here, we developed a biomimetic nanoparticle platform for in vivo tumor-targeted delivery of BP nanosheets (BP NSs). Through a biomimetic strategy, BP NSs were utilized to coordinate with the active species of oxaliplatin (1,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (DACHPt) complexions, and the nanoparticles were further camouflaged with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–derived membranes. We showed that the incorporation of DACHPt not only decelerated the BP degradation but also enhanced the antitumor effect by combining the photothermal effect with chemotoxicity. Furthermore, MSC membrane coating increased the stability, dispersibility, and tumor-targeting properties of BP/DACHPt, significantly improving the antitumor efficacy. In short, our work not only provided a new strategy for in vivo tumor-targeted delivery of BP NSs but also obtained an enhanced antitumor effect by combining photothermal therapy with chemotherapy.
Highlights
Owing to its distinctive structure and excellent physicochemical properties, black phosphorus (BP), an emerging member of the two-dimensional nanomaterials family has attracted extensive research interests in cancer photothermal therapy (Luo G. et al, 2019; Gao, et al, 2020; Hu, et al, 2020; Qi, et al, 2020)
We previously used the active species of oxaliplatin (1,2diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (DACHPt) complexion to coordinate with exposed lone pair electrons of BP nanosheets (BP NSs) (Liu G. et al.,. 2019)
The Pt–P coordination was further evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while BP NSs and DACHPt were used as controls
Summary
Owing to its distinctive structure and excellent physicochemical properties, black phosphorus (BP), an emerging member of the two-dimensional nanomaterials family has attracted extensive research interests in cancer photothermal therapy (Luo G. et al, 2019; Gao, et al, 2020; Hu, et al, 2020; Qi, et al, 2020). Ease of isolation from in vitro culture (Kusuma, et al, 2015) and safety in allogeneic transplantation (Noriega, et al, 2017; Tsumanuma, et al, 2016) are the advantages of MSCs to be the source of membrane Based on these properties, MSC membrane-coated nanoparticles have obtained a very good effect in targeting tumor and prolonging circulation time (Gao, et al, 2016a; Gao, et al, 2016b). We designed a biomimetic tumor-targeted BP nanoplatform, called as BP/DACHPt-MSCM (Figure 1) In this nanoplatform, the active species of platinum-based anticancer drugs (DACHPt) was utilized to coordinate with BP NSs to form BP/DACHPt nanoparticles, and it was further camouflaged with MSC-derived membrane. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapies resulted in an excellent ability to inhibit the tumor cell growth
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