Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the stress patterns on the peri-implant zone and residual alveolar ridge in different overdenture attachment system designs by the photoelasticity method. Four attachments systems were tested: O-ring, ERA, Bar-clip, and Bar-clip/O-ring association. The prostheses were loaded with 100 N in five pre-determined points and the photoelastic model was evaluated by a circular polariscope. The anterior load, O-ring, and ERA showed better stress distribution in relation to the bars systems, which presented stress levels surrounding implants. The molar load, Bar-clip/O-ring association, presented the biggest stress concentration on the peri-implant region in relation to the others. When the second molar was loaded, there was a concentration of stress in the alveolar ridge in all situations analyzed. Within the limitation of this “in vitro” study, it could be concluded that there were biomechanical differences among the attachments systems analyzed, principally between isolated and the bars systems. The O-ring showed better stress distribution and the Bar-clip/O-ring showed higher stress concentration.
Highlights
Edentulism is considered as a public health problem that affects most of the population [1] and interferes in the quality of life of patients, both physically and psychologically [2]
Two treatment modalities are widely used for the rehabilitation of fully edentulous patients: overdentures and fixed full-arch prosthesis [8], the indication depends on the individualities of each patient to be rehabilitated [9]
The model was drilled on the regions of inferior canines and was performed dental implants placement coupled to a parallelometer and fixed with acrylic resin (Duralay, Reliance Denture MgfInc Co., Alsip, IL, USA)
Summary
Edentulism is considered as a public health problem that affects most of the population [1] and interferes in the quality of life of patients, both physically and psychologically [2]. Recent studies suggest that tooth loss affects the intake of nutrients, due to a significant reduction of masticatory efficiency, [3] and could increase the risk for several diseases [4]-[6]. In this sense, dental implants have been used for improving the masticatory capacity in fully edentulous patients, favoring an increase in the quality of life of these patients [7]. A greater number of implants cannot be installed, thereby limiting the installation of fixed fullarch prosthesis [10] In these cases, overdentures are indicated due to higher stability and retention than conventional dentures [11]. For this type of rehabilitation treatment, different attachment systems are available: O-ring, ERA, Bar-clip, or associations among the systems [12]
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