Abstract
Biomass conversion can produce many value added platform chemicals and fuels wherein, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and 2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF) synthesis had opened up wide horizon for many researchers as an alternative to fuel due to its environmental and economic benefits. The aim of this review is to bring recent advances on the direct synthesis of HMF using different biomasses and solvent/catalyst combinations. Recently, greener solvent called deep eutectic solvents (DES) elevated the scope of research in HMF and DMF synthesis to minor extent on laboratory scale. In current review, authors have systematically summarized the catalytic conversion for the synthesis of HMF from biomass using greener processes. Further, HMF on hydrogenation yields DMF through homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyst, which is future biofuel. In the current review, holistic research on directional utilization of biomass for HMF and DMF synthesis are discussed systematically.
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