Abstract
A technical and economic feasibility analysis was performed concerning biomass cogeneration to supply the thermal and electricity demands of poultry slaughterhouses. The analysis considers measured data referring to the annual energy consumption from an existing industry as well as the characteristics of equipment available in the Brazilian market. The cogeneration plant is equipped with a water tube steam generator and a condensing-extraction steam turbine in a Rankine cycle. Four different configurations were evaluated, including impulse and reaction turbines at two steam pressure/temperature levels (43 bar / 450 °C and 68 bar / 520 °C). A steady state full load operation is considered at cogeneration mode on the weekdays and at Rankine power plant mode on the weekends, when there is no process steam consumption. The technical analysis pointed out the reaction turbine at 68 bar / 520 ºC as the best alternative, leading to the highest overall efficiency. In addition, this plant configuration showed economic advantages represented by an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21%, a Net Present Value (NPV) of US$ 10.93 million, and a payback time of 6 years, enabling a reduction on the industrial cost with energy in the slaughterhouse to 19 US$/ton of product (-30% in comparison to the base case). Finally, the calculated LCOE of 73 US$/MWh was lower than the current price of the electricity in the market, indicating potential economic feasibility of the proposed concept.
Highlights
The meat industries require a large amount of process steam and electricity to drive motors, compressors, conveyors and lighting (Bueno, Rossi, Souza, Teruel, & Bueno, 2015; Feliciano, Rodrigues, Gonçalves, Santos, & Leite, 2014; Nunes, Silva, Andrade, & Gaspar, 2016; Ramírez, Patel, & Blok, 2006; Rocha, Bajay, & Gorla, 2010)
In Brazil, wood chips of Eucalyptus or Pinus are used in low pressure saturated steam generators, while the electricity is imported from local distributors or from the open electricity market
Silva, Higa and Silva (2019) identified the opportunity of reducing the costs with energy by up to 72% in a payback period of 24 months in a soluble coffee industry in Brazil, by integrating a cogeneration plant equipped with a condensing-extraction steam turbine and an ammoniawater absorption cooling system
Summary
The meat industries require a large amount of process steam and electricity to drive motors, compressors, conveyors and lighting (Bueno, Rossi, Souza, Teruel, & Bueno, 2015; Feliciano, Rodrigues, Gonçalves, Santos, & Leite, 2014; Nunes, Silva, Andrade, & Gaspar, 2016; Ramírez, Patel, & Blok, 2006; Rocha, Bajay, & Gorla, 2010). The industry revenues could be increased by exporting surplus electricity to the local grid (Alves, Ponce, Silva, & Ensinas, 2015). The industry expenses with electricity, heating and cooling can be reduced. Silva, Higa and Silva (2019) identified the opportunity of reducing the costs with energy by up to 72% in a payback period of 24 months in a soluble coffee industry in Brazil, by integrating a cogeneration plant equipped with a condensing-extraction steam turbine and an ammoniawater absorption cooling system
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