Abstract
Global demand for biomass-based products will increase over the next decades. Global biomass demand is expected to roughly double between 2020 and 2050. In addition to ensuring food security for a growing and richer world population, biofuels and bio-based materials will increasingly drive future demand. This lead to a greater utilization of renewable resources to replace the old and existing fossil-based feedstock for energy and chemicals. In addition to depleting fossil fuel reserves and growing demand for energy has necessitated the renewed search for alternative energy resources such as sunflower seeds, soybean, canola, peanuts, coconut, wheat, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum etc. as well as Biomass. Bioethanol, biodiesel, and biogas are the most common form of energy getting forms various biomass sources. On the other hand's glycerol, furans, levulinic acid, and aliphatic acids are the most common form of chemical generating from biomass using the various process as well as through the action of microorganisms and their enzymes. In the case of Bangladesh the main energy sources biomass and natural gas where biomass energy is about 70% of the total energy consumption. On the other hand, in the case of chemical production using biomass Bangladesh is not so much updated than the others developing countries around the world. This review represents the biomass sources and from them which various valuable chemicals and energy products are produced as well as biomass as a renewable resource for energy and chemical products.
Highlights
In preindustrial era until the 19th century, renewable raw materials were the major source of energy and material use
In connection with the limited availability and increasing price of crude oil and natural gas, the question arises how to face this situation and what raw material base will develop in the future? Biomass as a renewable raw material could be the answer [1, 2]
Otun Saha et al.: Biomass as a Renewable Resource for Energy and Chemical Products dimensional polymer formed by phenolic compounds, and oils consist of triglycerides
Summary
In preindustrial era until the 19th century, renewable raw materials were the major source of energy and material use. Biomass is a generic term for all vegetable material. Biomass includes any organic matter that is available on a renewable or recurring basis, such as energy crops and trees, agricultural food and food crop residues, aquatic plants, wood and residues, animal waste, and other waste materials [4]. Hemicelluloses, and lignin compose the biomass present in wood, grasses, stalks, and straw, for instance. Otun Saha et al.: Biomass as a Renewable Resource for Energy and Chemical Products dimensional polymer formed by phenolic compounds, and oils consist of triglycerides. The main components of wood biomass are Cellulose (35% to 50%), Hemicelluloses (20% to 35%), Lignin (5% to 30%), and Others extracted compounds (1% to 10%) [5, 6]
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