Abstract
Influences of caloric intake, various food groups and vitamins on the concentration of biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are reviewed. Since food is a complex mixture of caloric compounds and essential non-caloric food components with multiple interactions and varying bioavailability, it is hard to separate or identify the effect of one single component in a total meal or diet on the biomarkers. Literature data should be studied in detail to conclude whether a component is related to a reduction of MetS-related symptoms or whether its influence is merely affecting a biomarker. Moreover the diet contains various biologically active components, which may add some beneficial characteristics. Therefore, conclusions on the effect of a component on the various biomarkers of MetS are sometimes quite contradictory.
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