Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by communities worldwide, as they have diverse biological properties and are effective against numerous diseases. The genus Syagrus stands out for its versatility and for so many activities presented by these palm trees, mainly due to its rich chemical and fatty acid compositions. The genus has antibacterial potential, has antibiofilm, antiparasitic, antioxidant, prebiotic, antiulcerogenic, anticholinesterase, and hypoglycemic activities, and can produce biodiesel, amid others. Among all species, Syagrus coronata and Syagrus romanzoffiana stand out, presenting the greatest number of activities and applications. The secondary metabolites obtained from these palm trees present high activity even in low concentrations and can be used against infections and chronic diseases. Furthermore, these plants have been used in some communities for years and have presented healing properties, especially in inflammatory processes. Therefore, the Syagrus genus proves to be promising, which shows a lot of therapeutic potential.
Highlights
Introduction for Genus SyagrusCurrently, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds have a major research focus because there are several reports on their biological properties, leading to high demand for these plants [1]. ey have been used for centuries by different communities around the world, and they have different biological properties and are effective against numerous diseases [2]
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the use of traditional medicine practices grows around the world, including herbal medicine as the only form of therapy [6]. e use of these plants appears mainly in the forms of extracts and oils; studies are applied to isolate molecules, understand and formulate herbal medicines to combat infectious and chronic diseases [7]
Many genera of plants from the Arecaceae family all around the world have been used in traditional medicine and have shown biological activity. e genus Butia from the Arecaceae family and the subfamily Arecoideae is prevalent in southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina, and in the northwest and southeast of Uruguay, and presents many properties, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities [15]. e genus Euterpe from the Arecaceae family and the subfamily Arecoideae, found abundantly in Brazil, shows various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, anticancer, and antiatherogenic, among others [16, 17]. e genus Elaeis from the Arecaceae family is native to Africa and areas of South and Central America and presents numerous activities, among them antiparasitic and wound-healing properties [18]
Summary
Medicinal plants and bioactive compounds have a major research focus because there are several reports on their biological properties, leading to high demand for these plants [1]. ey have been used for centuries by different communities around the world, and they have different biological properties and are effective against numerous diseases [2]. Us, this work is important and innovative because it is the first review that highlights the biological potential and pharmacological properties of palm trees from the genus Syagrus and their promising approaches to the development of new therapeutic alternatives. E inclusion criteria adopted were studies related to the proposed theme published in either Portuguese or English between 2005 and 2021, indexed on online databases, such as U.S National Library of Medicine (PubMed), ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Both reviews and original articles were included. Both the analysis and the relationship of the data extracted from these articles were developed descriptively, making it possible to count, observe, describe, classify, and organize the knowledge generated about Syagrus palm trees’ properties
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