Abstract
Using salt-tolerant bacteria to protect plants from salt stress is a promising microbiological treatment strategy for saline-alkali soil improvement. Here, we conducted research on the growthpromoting effect of Brevibacterium frigoritolerans on wheat under salt stress, which has rarely been addressed before. The synergistic effect of B. frigoritolerans combined with representative salttolerant bacteria Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus thuringiensis to promote the development of wheat under salt stress was also further studied. Our approach involved two steps: investigation of the plant growth-promoting traits of each strain at six salt stress levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%); examination of the effects of the strains (single or in combination) inoculated on wheat in different salt stress conditions (0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mM). The experiment of plant growth-promoting traits indicated that among three strains, B. frigoritolerans had the most potential for promoting wheat parameters. In single-strain inoculation, B. frigoritolerans showed the best performance of plant growth promotion. Moreover, a pot experiment proved that the plant growth-promoting potential of co-inoculation with three strains on wheat is better than single-strain inoculation under salt stress condition. Up to now, this is the first report suggesting that B. frigoritolerans has the potential to promote wheat growth under salt stress, especially combined with B. velezensis and B. thuringiensis.
Highlights
Salt tolerant bacteria are salt-associated microorganisms that are known to effectively promote plant growth in saline–alkali soil
Isolation and Identification of Salt-Tolerant Bacteria Table 1 shows that no soil sample had a salinity that exceeded 2%
The activity of ACC deaminase produced from the isolates has been shown to be higher than the standard. These results indicated that B. velezensis and B. frigoritolerans can be used as typical salt-tolerant bacteria containing ACC deaminase
Summary
Salt tolerant bacteria are salt-associated microorganisms that are known to effectively promote plant growth in saline–alkali soil. Bacillus spp. were frequently isolated from the saline–alkali soil, and most species have shown positive effects on plant growth [4, 5]. Treatment of wheat seeds with Bacillus has been shown to be more effective than treatment with Pseudomonas in plant growth promotion in saline soil. B. frigoritolerans strain SMA23 is endowed with plant growth-promoting activities such as siderophore capacity, phosphate solubilization, and IAA production under abiotic stress at different temperatures [14]. A few species of salt-tolerant bacteria were isolated from saline–alkali soil and their plant growthpromoting characteristics (ACC deaminase activity, IAA production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and siderophore) were evaluated under different levels of salt stress. The plant growth promotion of these salt-tolerant bacteria was evaluated by pot experiment using wheat
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