Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) can enhance stem cell (SC) activity by increasing migration and proliferation. This study investigated the effects of LLLI on proliferation, enzymatic activity, and growth factor production in human umbilical cord mesenchymal SCs (hUC-MSCs) as well as the underlying mechanisms. hUC-MSCs were assigned to a control group (non-irradiation group) and three LLLI treatment groups (635 nm group, 808 nm group, and 635/808 nm group). Laser power density and energy density of 20 mW/cm2 and 12 J/cm2, respectively, were used for each experiment. The proliferation rate was higher in the 635 nm as compared to the other groups. LLLI at 808 nm did not induce cell proliferation. ROS levels in cells exposed to 635, 808, and 635/808 nm radiation were increased by 52.81%, 26.89%, and 21.15%, respectively, relative to the control group. CAT, tGPx, and SOD activity was increased. LLLI at 808 nm increased the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and NFκB but not VEGF. LLLI improved hUC-MSCs function and increased antioxidant activity. Dual-wavelength LLLI had more potent effects on hUC-MSCs than single-wavelength treatment. LLLI has potential applications in the preconditioning of hUC-MSCs in vitro prior to transplantation, which could improve the regenerative capacity of cells.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered increasing research interest owing to their applications in regenerative medicine
This study investigated the effects of level laser irradiation (LLLI) on proliferation, enzymatic activity, and growth factor production in human umbilical cord mesenchymal SCs as well as the underlying mechanisms. hUC-MSCs were assigned to a control group and three LLLI treatment groups (635 nm group, 808 nm group, and 635/808 nm group)
A recent study reported that the immunogenicity of UC-MSCs is lower than that of bone marrow (BM)-MSCs and UC-MSCs can be used for autografts and allografts.[3]
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered increasing research interest owing to their applications in regenerative medicine. Previous studies have demonstrated that MSCs are capable of migrating to specific injury sites and mobilizing other immune responses that mediate tissue regeneration.[1] MSCs are primarily obtained from the bone marrow (BM) and other post-natal organs or tissues.[2] alternative sources of MSCs are needed owing to the limited availability of BM-MSC donors and the decreased possibility of using autologous transplantation for a large majority of patients, considering the reduced capacity for BM-MSC production with advancing age.[1] A recent study reported that the immunogenicity of UC-MSCs is lower than that of BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs can be used for autografts and allografts.[3]. The fluence (energy density) used is generally between 1 and 20 J/cm[2] while the irradiance (power density) can vary widely depending on the actual light source and spot size; values 5-50 mW/cm[2] are common for stimulation and healing, while much higher irradiances (up to W/cm2) can be used for nerve inhibition and pain relief.[4] LLLI can
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