Abstract
Oily wastewater and oil spill have always been a common concern of environmental problems, and superwetting materials are the key to oil-water separation. However, the superwetting material is constantly blocked by oil, which is a crucial obstacle to its practical application. In this study, we proposed a novel strategy to protect the underlying superhydrophilic layer by using a hydrophobic aluminate coupling agent. And we constructed the superhydrophilic layer with cellulose and the superoleophobic surface with FS50-modified rough nanoparticles. Porous ceramics could achieve stable superhydrophilic/air superoleophobic properties through a simple soaking step (modified CM). The advanced and receding contact angles on the modified CM surface were 151.74° and 149.11° for crude oil. The modified CM could maintain the contact angle of oil above 150° at various temperatures, pH values, and abrasion. In the continuous separation process, the flux remained above 1.4 × 104 L m−2 h−1, and the separation efficiency could achieve above 99 % for soybean oil. Besides, the modified CM could also separate oil-in-water emulsion. Further, we proposed the coexistence and fabrication mechanism of superhydrophilic/air superoleophobic interface. This study provides new design ideas for developing durable oil-water separation materials.
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