Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize, through faunistic indices, the populations of fruit flies in the Brejo Paraibano microregion and analyze whether these populations are similar to one another. The study was conducted in eight municipalities located in the Agreste Paraibano mesoregion and Brejo Paraibano microregion, Paraíba state, Brazil, where two rural properties of each municipality were selected, georeferenced and identified according to the diversity criterion of fruit species. Each municipality was assumed to have a population of fruit flies with its own characteristics, determined by the faunistic indices of frequency, constancy, dominance, Shannon-Wiener and Margalef diversity indices, as well as evenness. 3.159 specimens of fruit flies were captured, of which 85.57% belonged to the genus Anastrepha and 14.43% to the genus Ceratitis. 11 species of fruit flies were captured in the traps. Anastrepha fraterculus was the most frequent, dominant and constant species, being present in all locations; followed by A. obliqua, A. sororcula and Ceratitis capitata. The studied municipalities have a similarity of 54%, which indicates a high similarity between the areas. Most species captured in the present study occur at low population frequency.
Highlights
The fruit flies of greatest economic importance in the country are basically Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) and Anastrepha spp. (ZUCCHI, 2000a)
Ten species of Anastrepha were captured in the traps, represented by the species A. antunesi Lima, 1938, A. barbiellinii Lima, 1938, A. dissimilis Stone, 1942, A. distincta Greene, 1934, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), A. hadropickeli Canal, Uramoto and Zucchi, 2013, A. obliqua (Macquart, 1835), A. pickeli Lima, 1934, A. sororcula Zucchi, 1979, and A. zenildae Zucchi, 1979; while for the genus Ceratitis only one species was captured, C. capitata (Table 1)
Of the seven species of the fruit flies that are important from an economic point of view, due to the damage they cause to fruit crops (ZUCCHI; MORAES, 2012), four species were captured: A. obliqua, A. fraterculus, A. sororcula and A. zenildae
Summary
The fruit flies of greatest economic importance in the country are basically Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) and Anastrepha spp. (ZUCCHI, 2000a). The fruit flies of greatest economic importance in the country are basically Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) and Anastrepha spp. The genus Anastrepha has 121 species in Brazil, which are found in all regions, infesting a great diversity of native and cultivated fruits (ZUCCHI; MORAES, 2008; NORRBOM et al, 2014). Ceratitis capitata is an exotic species and the only representative of its kind in the country (ZUCCHI, 2000b). Despite the large number species of the genus Anastrepha described nationally, only 8 have been recorded in the state of Paraíba (ALVES et al, 2019a; ALVES et al, 2019b; SILVA et al, 2019). Several studies have been conducted around the world using food traps in order to know the diversity, monitor and/or control tephritids (ORDANO et al, 2013; TAIRA et al, 2013; ALI et al, 2014)
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