Abstract
Transient implantable medical devices based on biodegradable electronics can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for a desired duration and undergo biodegradation, unlike their conventional counterparts. However, powering transient implants through biodegradable power sources remains under-explored. Here, we report biodegradable piezoelectric transducer fabricated using 0-3 composite film made of barium titanate nanoparticles and poly (L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid polymer (BT-PLGA). The proposed BT-PLGA can be utilized in two different powering schemes; ultrasonic powering and energy harvesting from low frequency acoustic waves. We demonstrated that the power density of the BT-PLGA transducer can reach up to 10 mW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in ultrasonic powering. The energy harvesting from low frequency acoustic waves could also readily generate sufficient power for small electronics. The fabricated transducers underwent complete biodegradation in physiological conditions within 100 days. The development of the biodegradable piezoelectric transducer potentially provides a reliable power source for transient implants, especially for deeply seated bioelectronics. The output performance, biocompatibility, and tunable biodegradation of BT-PLGA transducer demonstrate its potential as a biodegradable power source for transient implantable devices.
Highlights
Transient electronics refer to the electronic systems that are devised using bioresorbable or biodegradable materials, which are designed to be dissolved in biofluids after a desired operation lifetime [1]–[5]
A transient implant for various applications can potentially be powered through the biodegradable piezoelectric transducer converting incoming ultrasound applied from an external transducer or low-frequency vibrations generated inside of human body into electrical power (Fig. 1a)
LOW FREQUENCY ACOUSTIC WAVE ENERGY HARVESTING In addition to the ultrasonic powering through the barium titanate (BT)-poly (L-lacticco-glycolic) acid (PLGA) transducer, we investigate the possibility of energy harvesting from low frequency acoustics generated within the body
Summary
Transient electronics refer to the electronic systems that are devised using bioresorbable or biodegradable materials, which are designed to be dissolved in biofluids after a desired operation lifetime [1]–[5]. Biodegradable piezoelectric transducers operated through acoustic (ultrasound) power transfer technology are highly promising for powering transient implants. We demonstrate a biodegradable piezoelectric transducer that can potentially be utilized to power transient implants.
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