Biochemical assessment of iron profile in type 2 diabetes patients.

Abstract

Objectives: Iron profile is considered to be an important guide for improved health around the globe. An altered iron profile is a risk factor for numerous diseases. Extreme iron accretion in body results in damaging many cellular structures as well as in oxidative damage with many complications. Thus, iron profile must be considered in many ailments including DM. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Biochemistry, BMC Bannu and Department of Medicine, KGN Teaching Hospital Bannu-KPK. Period: January 2019 to June 2019. Material & Methods: 140 subjects were taken in this study, out of which 70 were suffering from type 2 diabetes and 70 were normal healthy controls. BMI was calculated by dividing body weight (Kg) to square of height (meters). The waist / hip circumference ratio was calculated by dividing the waist circumference (cm) to hip circumference (cm). Sphygmomanometer was used for blood pressure measurement. The serum iron, TIBC, UIBC, plasma glucose and HbA1c were measured by semi-auto analyzer. The serum ferritin was estimated by chemiluminescence method. The % transferrin saturation was calculated by formula serum iron (μg/dl) x 100/ TIBC (μg/dl). Result: The anthropometric parameters like weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip circumference ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was statistically extremely significantly (p<0.001) increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects as compared to healthy control subjects. The plasma fasting glucose, HbA1C, serum iron, % saturation and serum ferritin were statistically extremely significantly (p<0.001) increased and UIBC was statistically extremely significantly (p<0.001) decreased while TIBC and hemoglobin were statistically significantly (p<0.05) decreased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects as compared to healthy control subjects. Conclusion: Elevated iron and ferritin is a risk factor for diabetes and produce many complications. Proper management must be taken to remove the excess iron that can be very harmful to the body.”