Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of fractionated acetone extracts of the stem bark of Combretum molle was evaluated against Helicobacter pylori PE 252C, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 49399, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Plesiomonas shigelloides ATCC 51903 in a bid to identify the active constituents of this plant. Fractionation of the acetone extract was done using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and bioautography to ascertain the presence of compounds and determine their antimicrobial activity, respectively. Four of the seventeen eluted fractions [E.A3, E.A4 and ethyl acetate/ methanol/ water (EMW) 1 and 3] were active against all the test organisms except H. pylori PE 252C with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)50 ranging from 0.0097 to 2.5 mg/ml; however E. A 4 was the only fraction which demonstrated broad spectrum activity. We conclude that the acetone extract and fractions of the stem bark of C. molle possess in-vitro antibacterial activity and therefore confirm the rationale behind the use of this plant in traditional medicine. Key words: Phytochemical analysis, Combretum molle, antimicrobial activity, bioautography, minimum inhibition concentration.
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