Abstract
Uncalcined/unsintered hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly-l-lactide-co-glycolide (u-HA/PLLA/PGA) are novel bioresorbable bioactive materials with bone regeneration characteristics and have been used to treat mandibular defects in a rat model. However, the bone regenerative interaction with the periosteum, the inflammatory response, and the degradation of this material have not been examined. In this study, we used a rat mandible model to compare the above features in u-HA/PLLA/PGA and uncalcined/unsintered HA and poly-l-lactic acid (u-HA/PLLA). We divided 11 male Sprague–Dawley rats into 3- and 16-week groups. In each group, we assessed the characteristics of a u-HA/PLLA/PGA sheet covering the right mandibular angle and a u-HA/PLLA sheet covering the left mandibular angle in three rats each, and one rat was used as a sham control. The remaining three rats in the 16-week group were used for a degradation assessment and received both sheets of material as in the material assessment subgroup. At 3 and 16 weeks after surgery, the rats were sacrificed, and mandible specimens were subjected to micro-computed tomography, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical staining. The results indicated that the interaction between the periosteum and u-HA/PLLA/PGA material produced significantly more new bone regeneration with a lower inflammatory response and a faster resorption rate compared to u-HA/PLLA alone. These findings may indicate that this new biomaterial has ideal potential in treating maxillofacial defects of the midface and orbital regions.
Highlights
Bone-fixation devices are essential instruments in the daily operation of oral and maxillofacial surgical practices
We used high-resolution micro-Computed Tomography (CT) to assess the volume of new bone formation in three dimensions
Materials 2s0c2a1,n14n, xeFrO(RRPiEgERakREuVICEWorporation, Tokyo, Japan) after sacrificing the animals and before6 othf 2e4 specimens were sent for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and IHC staining
Summary
Bone-fixation devices are essential instruments in the daily operation of oral and maxillofacial surgical practices. The materials used to manufacture bone plates and screws play an important role in the development of this field as well as other skeletal surgical specialties. Drawbacks include stress-shielding, thermal irritability, and infection, and these issues can persist as long as the device remains in the patient’s body [1]. The removal of titanium plates and screws is sometimes required. Titanium is still a practical choice, several bioresorbable alternatives have been developed. These materials can be bioresorbed, precluding the need for patients to carry foreign materials in their bodies permanently
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