Abstract
ABSTRACT Grape juices have been valued due to their potential health benefits, which have demanded increased grape productivity and quality. Five grape cultivars grown in Brazil, Isabel Precoce, Carmem, Violeta, Concord and Bordo were evaluated in 2013 and 2014 seasons for bioactive components and also for juice processing quality traits. Production cycle was the longest for Carmem but lower and similar for Violeta, Isabel, Bordo and Concord. Isabel showed higher productivity (5.4 kg∙plant-1) but lowest soluble solids content (16.9 °Brix), anthocyanins (26.7 mg∙100 g-1) and total phenolics (110.7 mg∙100 g-1). The highest anthocyanins contents were observed in Violeta (189.9 mg∙100 g-1) and Bordo (133.8 mg∙100 g-1). These cultivars were also rich in phenolics (356.1 and 239.5 mg∙100 g-1, respectively). The highest anthocyanin and total phenolics concentrations were found in Violeta juice (2.68 and 6.33 g∙L-1) followed by Bordo (1.44 and 2.86 g∙L-1). Isabel juice had the lowest content, 0.14 and 1.29 g∙L-1, respectively. Biogenic amines were found at low concentrations only in the juices. Putrescine and spermidine were the major amines detected in juices. Phenylethylamine was detected only in Bordo juice from 2013 season and tryptamine was detected only in 2014 season. Blends were preferred over varietal juices except for Carmem.
Highlights
Recent studies have demonstrated, on the basis of short-term changes in biomarkers, the beneficial effects of some dietary polyphenols to human health
According to the American Dietetic Association (2004), the daily consumption of 250 to 500 mL of red grape juice, rich in procyanidins, has pronounced effects on the vascular system and show plasma antioxidant activity. They may protect the human body against oxidative stress, and reduce the risk of free radical damage and chronic diseases (O’Byrne et al 2002; ADA 2004; Williamson and Manach 2005; Toaldo et al 2015). Some of these health promoting effects attributed to phenolic compounds have been associated with other food components, including bioactive amines, some of which are present in grapes (Badria 2002; Gloria 2005)
The juices were analyzed for titratable acidity, volatile acidity (Vac; g acetic acid·100mL-1), pH, soluble solids (°Brix), ratio (SS/TA), total sugars (g·L-1), ashes (g·L-1) (Amerine and Ough 1980); color intensity (420 nm + 520 nm + 620 nm) and total polyphenols were determined in a Shimadzu UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto) according to Ribéreau-Gayon et al (2006)
Summary
On the basis of short-term changes in biomarkers, the beneficial effects of some dietary polyphenols to human health. According to the American Dietetic Association (2004), the daily consumption of 250 to 500 mL of red grape juice, rich in procyanidins, has pronounced effects on the vascular system and show plasma antioxidant activity They may protect the human body against oxidative stress, and reduce the risk of free radical damage and chronic diseases (O’Byrne et al 2002; ADA 2004; Williamson and Manach 2005; Toaldo et al 2015). Some of these health promoting effects attributed to phenolic compounds have been associated with other food components, including bioactive amines, some of which are present in grapes (Badria 2002; Gloria 2005). At high concentrations, some amines can cause adverse effects to human health (EFSA 2011; Bach et al 2012)
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