Abstract
The Croatian National Monitoring Program revealed the presence of Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) toxicity in Mediterranean blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from breeding farms in southern Adriatic Sea through January to June 2011. The mouse bioassay tests (MBA; at the time the official method for DSP toxins) were accompanied by atypical symptomatology in the animals and this caused doubts about the assay results. Consequently, in parallel studies reported here, the concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soft tissue of DSP positive and negative mussels samples was determined. Cd, Cr, Zn and Ni show higher values in approximately 75% of the DSP positive samples, whereas for Pb and Cr the values were 26% and 34%, respectively. This trend was unchanged during the whole observation period.
Highlights
The sea is a part of the environment that has a significant role in the economy and at the same time represents a very complex ecosystem that is under a constant influence of various human activities
Negative and 113 Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) positive samples) of blue mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from farms located in the southern Adriatic Sea on a weekly basis or more frequently if the results of mouse bioassay test (MBA) tests were positive
Minimums and maximums of trace metals that have been analysed in this study are shown in Cadmium concentrations in the DSP positive samples lay within the range of 0.0216 mg·kg−1 to
Summary
The sea is a part of the environment that has a significant role in the economy and at the same time represents a very complex ecosystem that is under a constant influence of various human activities. Accumulation of trace metals and marine biotoxins in shellfish are studies that have mainly been carried out separately. Some studies indicate the role of trace metals and emerging toxins, gymnodimines (GYMs) and spirolides (SPXs), on the false positive results of mouse bioassay test (MBA) for marine biotoxins [4,5,6]. Some studies have been conducted during the last decade on trace metal contamination in mussels from the Croatian coastal area in the eastern Adriatic Sea [7,8,9] and according to the obtained data, contamination of mussels is restricted to land-based sources of contamination. Metal levels found in Croatian mussels lie within the range of metal concentrations determined in other low to moderately polluted Adriatic and Mediterranean areas [10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. The effects of trace metals on biotoxin production are of concern given the substantial road and land runoff inputs to coastal waters and subsequent increase in algal bloom toxicity that could greatly impact shellfish aquaculture
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