Abstract
High consumption of tomatoes and cruciferous vegetables has been linked to decreased risk of prostate cancer. Previous studies have evaluated the cancer preventive potential of individual bioactives found in tomatoes and broccoli, but few have examined them within the context of a whole food. We determined bioavailability of carotenoids and sulforaphane from 3 tomato and 4 broccoli diets with differing bioactive compound profiles to assess their potential for future cancer trials. Male Copenhagen rats were pair fed diets containing 10% tomato powder, high lycopene tomato powder, high carotenoid tomato powder, broccoli floret powder, broccoli sprout powder, high indole‐3‐carbinol broccoli powder, or high selenium broccoli powder for 7 days. The high lycopene diet resulted in greater hepatic lycopene accumulation and lower levels of phytoene and phytofluene compared to standard tomato powder. In groups fed broccoli diets, sulforaphane N‐acetylcysteine conjugates were determined in urine. The broccoli sprout diet resulted in the highest level of urinary sulforaphane conjugates and a significantly greater recovery of 39.4%, compared to 5.1% from the broccoli floret diet. These results demonstrate differential bioavailability of carotenoids and sulforaphane from tomato and broccoli diets with varying bioactive profiles. Funded by the Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research CF071‐006‐4‐SEN.
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