Abstract
The objective of this paper is to study the bending behavior of 2–2 multi-layeredpiezoelectric curved actuators. Unlike the traditional investigations based on theelementary theory of elasticity, the governing equations of a curved actuator are solvedbased on the general theory of elasticity and piezoelectricity. The Airy stress functionmethod is utilized and both the piezoelectric coefficient and the thickness for differentlayers are taken as variables in the analysis, which makes it easy to consider the effect ofelastic layers or electrodes on the bending behavior of the actuators. By introducingseveral recurrence formulae, the exact solutions are obtained. Furthermore, goodagreement is shown by comparing the theoretical results with numerical ones.
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