Abstract
Channeling in bent crystals is increasingly considered as an option for the collimation of high-energy particle beams. The installation of crystals in the LHC has taken place during this past year and aims at demonstrating the feasibility of crystal collimation and a possible cleaning efficiency improvement. The performance of CERN collimation insertions is evaluated with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA, which is capable to simulate energy deposition in collimators as well as beam loss monitor signals. A new model of crystal channeling was developed specifically so that similar simulations can be conducted in the case of crystal-assisted collimation. In this paper, most recent results of this model are brought forward in the framework of a joint activity inside the UA9 collaboration to benchmark the different simulation tools available. The performance of crystal STF 45, produced at INFN Ferrara, was measured at the H8 beamline at CERN in 2010 and serves as the basis to the comparison. Distributions of deflected particles are shown to be in very good agreement with experimental data. Calculated dechanneling lengths and crystal performance in the transition region between amorphous regime and volume reflection are also close to the measured ones.
Highlights
Crystals are increasingly used in synchrotrons around the world for their channeling properties
The efficiency of a strip and a quasi-mosaic crystal deflector is planned to be measured in a low-intensity beam close to the nominal energy [3]. This novel experimental activity aims at investigating the use of crystal collimation as an upgrade option for the current system, which performed very well during the past LHC run and will be confronted with more demanding conditions in the coming years
We show as well that transitions between the different modes are well simulated by the FLUKA module
Summary
Crystals are increasingly used in synchrotrons around the world for their channeling properties. It is used to calculate the particle shower originated in the current collimation system and, in view of the possible insertion of crystals as an ingredient of the future collimation system, a complementing module has been designed to be able to deal with coherent effects taking such as channeling, volume reflection and volume capture. For the moment this model is limited to planar channeling of positively charged particles as applications at CERN are the focus of the work. These events are less frequent than in a so-called amorphous orientation, where no coherent effect is taking place, because of the increased mean distance between the particle and the atomic nuclei along its trajectory
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