Abstract
Activation of thin Al foils is a well-established technique for measuring the intensity of high-energy proton beams via the 27Al(p,3pn)24Na reaction. The aim of this work was to investigate the various factors that influence the reliability of the results: the cross sections, the competing production of 24Na by secondary neutrons generated in the foil and spallation processes that can cause loss of the produced nuclei from the foil. The technique was applied for the calibration of an ionization chamber used as beam monitor for a 280 GeV/c mixed proton/pion beam at CERN. The calibration factor obtained experimentally was compared with the theoretical value deduced by Monte Carlo simulations. An additional experiment was conducted employing the alternative reaction natCu(p,x)24Na, whose cross section is known with low uncertainty over a wide energy range.
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