Abstract
The long-term physical existence of sandy shores critically depends on a balanced sediment budget. From the principles of Building with Nature it follows that a sustainable protection of sandy shores should employ some form of shore nourishment. In the spatial design process of urbanized sandy shores, where multiple functions must be integrated, the knowledge and the prediction of sediment dynamics and beach-dune morphology thus play an essential role. This expertise typically resides with coastal scientists who have condensed their knowledge in various types of morphological models that serve different purposes and rely on different assumptions, thus have their specific strengths and limitations. This paper identifies morphological information needs for the integrated spatial design of urbanized sandy shores using BwN principles, outlines capabilities of different types of morphological models to support this and identifies current gaps between the two. A clear mismatch arises from the absence of buildings and accompanying human activities in current numerical models simulating morphological developments in beach-dune environments.
Highlights
Coastal dunes on sandy shores provide multiple ecosystem services to urbanized coastal areas: they protect against flooding by offering a buffer against storms and a higher ground to live on, provide drinking water by collecting and filtering water in the coastal freshwater lens and provide an attractive environment for leisure and beach tourism
This paper identifies morphological information needs for the integrated spatial design of urbanized sandy shores using Building with Nature (BwN) principles, outlines capabilities of different types of morphological models to support this and identifies current gaps between the two
Numerical models able to accurately predict the morphological effects of interaction between wind-driven sediment dynamics and buildings are currently lacking. This is most severely felt in the phases of ‘design feasibility’ and ‘design optimization’, where alternatives like conceptual and physical models – useful in the ‘inquiry and analysis’ phase – are less suitable
Summary
Coastal dunes on sandy shores provide multiple ecosystem services to urbanized coastal areas: they protect against flooding by offering a buffer against storms and a higher ground to live on (a regulating ecosystem service), provide drinking water by collecting and filtering water in the coastal. This paper identifies morphological information requirements in the spatial design process of urbanized sandy shores using BwN principles It outlines the capabilities and limitations of different types of morphological models to simulate impacts of constructions on beach-dune development. The DUBEVEG (Dune, Beach and VEGetation) model (Keijsers et al., 2016, Galiforni-Silva et al, 2018, 2019) is the only attempt to simulate beachdune development solely using a CA approach It includes the main processes involved in the dynamics of the beach-dune system, such as wind-driven sediment transport, vegetation growth and decay, hydrodynamic erosion and supply, and groundwater depth. As we used the DUBEVEG version described in Galiforni-Silva et al (2018), specific rules for the impact of rectangular objects on sedimentation/erosion patterns have not yet been implemented
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