Abstract
The present investigate was intended for adsorption of heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cd onto activated charcoal prepared from neem leaf powder (AC-NLP) using batch and column studies. Batch adsorption was performed using different variables like adsorbent dose, temperature and contact duration. Thermodynamic analysis of batch treatment concluded that adsorption is thermodynamically feasible and endothermic. This adsorption followed the Pseudo second-order kinetic model derived from correlation coefficient values of chemical kinetic studies. For column study, interpretation of breakthrough curves and parameters were conducted by varying flow rate, initial concentration and bed height; and reveal that optimum conditions were lower flow rate (5 mL/min) and lower initial concentration (5 mg/L) and higher bed height (20 cm). Comparisons of batch and column study through isotherm models were evaluated and column study is more preferred than batch treatment. Maximum Thomas adsorption capacity was achieved upto 205.6, 185.8, 154.5, 133.3, 120.6, 110.9 mg/g for Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Cr respectively. This removal pattern is elucidated by metal ionic properties. Various adsorbing agents such as acids and bases were utilized for adsorption–desorption of AC-NLP.
Highlights
The present investigate was intended for adsorption of heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cd onto activated charcoal prepared from neem leaf powder (AC-NLP) using batch and column studies
We had utilized NLP as adsorbent and; their particle size and surface area were 122 and 612 m 2/g respectively. It shows that AC-NLP was increased the surface active sites during charcoal preparation and activation and may be more potential than raw NLP as an adsorbent
It shows that percentage removals were increased with increasing dosage of adsorbent upto 10 g/L and removals were constant thereafter, which revealed that equilibrium attainted at 10 g/L for heavy metals
Summary
The present investigate was intended for adsorption of heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cd onto activated charcoal prepared from neem leaf powder (AC-NLP) using batch and column studies. Metal is considered as a one of the potential pollutant after dye, as it is lethal even at very low concentrations, last long effect, and persistent nature non‐biodegradable i.e. do not undergo microbial or chemical d egradation[2] Due to their highly solubility in aquatic environments, heavy metals are spontaneously immersed by fishes and vegetables. Effect of system Batch adsorption study Effect of adsorption dose (= W) Effect of temperature (= T) Effect of contact duration (= t) Effect of system Column adsorption study Effect of flow rate (= Q) Effect of initial concentration (= C0) Effect of bed height (= Z) Though several methods such as adsorption, coagulation, membrane, oxidation, biological, chemical precipitation, flotation, ion exchange, and electrochemical deposition with their merits and demerits, but adsorption process is widely utilized for removal of contaminations including metals from raw w ater[9].
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