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Abstract
ABSTRACT Achieving just and equitable access to urban ecosystem services is crucial for promoting sustainable urban development. However, recent literature highlights significant challenges in achieving such accessibility, often without comprehensively examining the underlying causes. In response, this study aims to address this gap by exploring the barriers that limit just and equitable access to ecosystem services and offering actionable solutions to create more inclusive and resilient urban environments. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 115 studies, employing both deductive and inductive approaches. Our findings show that cultural ecosystem services (45%) are the most inaccessible compared to other ecosystem services, explicitly limiting urban residents’ opportunities for recreation, social integration, and the development of place identity. We also identified four key barriers contributing to this inaccessibility: legacy, social, geographical, and institutional factors. Among these, social barriers (32%) appeared as the most significant, driven by societal norms and cultural differences. Furthermore, a clear divide is observed between the Global North and South: social barriers are more prominent in the North due to societal variations, while institutional barriers dominate in the South, reflecting weaker governance capacities. In response to these challenges, we highlight several key solutions. Inclusive urban planning (36%) stands out as the primary strategy, followed by improvements in governance and legacy considerations (27%) to address accessibility issues. These findings offer a valuable foundation to develop resilient urban policies and community-centered solutions, supporting the achievement of SDGs 11 and 13.
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