Abstract
In the present work first of all the bandwidth of rectangular Microstrip antenna is enhanced by direct coupling at the operating frequency 2.4 GHz using IE3D software and then it is analyzed through IE3D simulation software for maximum bandwidth for different antenna dimensions at different operating frequencies (ranging from 1.2 to 2.5 GHz). The rectangular line feed is used to energize the proposed antenna (at 2.4 GHz operating frequency), the feed point coordinate is varied as the antenna dimensions varied so it is required to analyze the antenna for the feed point coordinates where it provides the maximum bandwidth. The simulation of antenna for its maximum bandwidth through most of the antenna simulation software's is a time taking process. In order to reduce this time, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach is adopted here. For this purpose a Feed Forward Neural Network with Levenberg---Marquardt training algorithm is used. Determining the feed point coordinates through proposed ANN takes only 1---2 s where as antenna simulation softwares (like IE3D) take time in hours. The proposed antenna has dual frequency band. In first frequency band (1.392---1.44 GHz) the fractional bandwidth is 3.38 % and in second frequency band (1.733---3.58 GHz) the fractional bandwidth is 69.5 % which is suitable for broad band applications.
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