Badania nad dziejami kobiet XIX w. w polskiej historiografii – wybrane aspekty

Ovarian intraoperative consultation: A 5-year study on diagnostic concordance of 657 cases.

This article is dedicated to discussing the implementation of the descriptive geometry, i.e. the scientific novelty from the end of the 18th century, in secondary school education on the Polish territories in the 19th century. At that time, Polish lands were under the occupation of three empires: Prussia, Austria, and Russia. Over the time, the policy of the partition empires toward the Poles was changing in intensity. As a consequence, in the 19th century, there were schools on the Polish territories with Polish, Prussian, Austrian and Russian curricula and relevant lecture languages. The article analyses the implementation of descriptive geometry into teaching mathematics in schools located in all three partitions. Keywords: descriptive geometry, history of mathematics education, history of mathematics

Assessment of Dual-Antiplatelet Regimen for Pipeline Embolization Device Placement: A Survey of Major Academic Neurovascular Centers in the United States

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the pregnancy experiences of women receiving care in the division of rheumatology at a major academic center in New York City during the COVID-19 pandemic. A web-based COVID-19 survey was emailed to 26,045 patients who were followed in the division of rheumatology at a single center in New York City. Women ages 18-50 years were asked about their pregnancy. We compared the COVID-19 experience between pregnant and nonpregnant women and also explored the impact of the pandemic on prenatal care and perinatal outcomes. Among 7,094 of the 26,045 respondents, 1,547 were women ages 18-50 years, with 61 (4%) reporting being pregnant during the pandemic. The prevalence of self-reported COVID-19 was similar in pregnant and nonpregnant women (8% versus 9%, respectively; P = 0.76). Among women with COVID-19, pregnant women had a shorter duration of symptoms (P < 0.01) and were more likely to experience loss of smell or taste (P = 0.02) than nonpregnant women. Approximately three-fourths of women had a systemic rheumatic disease, with no differences when stratified by pregnancy or COVID-19 status. In all, 67% of pregnant women noted changes to prenatal care during the pandemic, and 23% of postpartum women stated that the pandemic affected delivery. Among women followed in the division of rheumatology at a major center in New York City, pregnancy was not associated with increased self-reported COVID-19. Pregnancy was associated with a shorter duration of COVID-19 symptoms and a higher prevalence of loss of smell or taste. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted prenatal care for the majority of pregnant patients.

The Impact of Telemedicine on Sexual Medicine at a Major Academic Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This chapter presents the results of demographic research on the Jewish population living on the Polish territory in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In Judaism, marriage was considered the basic and smallest social cell. The Jewish law sanctioned this state as natural and the most desirable, which was confirmed by granting full civil rights to married men in the Jewish communes. A wife older than her husband occurred in about 10% of the cases, and the age difference was small: one to five years. Interfaith marriages in the Polish lands in the 19th century were nothing new. The religious structure of the inhabitants of Poland was originally formed in the late Middle Ages, but the major territorial changes from the 16th and 17th centuries further diversified the existing religious mosaic of the Commonwealth. The demographic study can be complemented by an analysis of the names given to children.

Background: To estimate the frequency of post-sudden cardiac arrest survivorship (PSCAS) problems (i.e., cognitive impairment, disability in activities of daily living, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)). Methods: We prospectively enrolled adults with return of spontaneous circulation after in-hospital or out-of-hospital CA between 9/2015-8/2018 at a high-volume, major academic center. A consecutive sample of survivors at hospital discharge and at one-year follow-up able to engage in the Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) or Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), Barthel Index (BI) as a measure of disability, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and PTSD Checklist - Specific (PCL-S) were included. Results: Of 159 patients included, average age was 54±15 years, 41% were women, 30% identified themselves as Latinos and 18% as African-American. There were 14 deaths and 13 lost to follow-up at one-year. As shown in table 1, 1 out of 2 patients at discharge, and 1 out of 4 at one-year had global cognition scores similar to scores for patients with moderate traumatic brain injury and patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease, respectively. The majority had physical disability at hospital discharge, which showed improvement within one-year. A significant proportion of patients experienced depressive and PTSD symptoms at hospital discharge and the symptoms persisted at one-year. Conclusions: In a racial and ethnically diverse cohort in a major academic center in the US, one or more PSCAS problems were present and persisted in the majority of CA survivors, and co-occurring problems were present in one out of four at one-year. Future studies are needed to understand better the heterogeneous subtypes of PCAS and to identify modifiable risk factors and potential ameliorating factors. Table 1. Estimates of post-sudden cardiac arrest survivorship problems at discharge and one-year

Attitudes and knowledge of HPV vaccination in women being treated for an abnormal Pap smear

Background: Health literacy profoundly impacts patient outcomes as patients with decreased health literacy are less likely to understand their illness and adhere to treatment regimens. Patient education materials supplement in-person patient education, especially in cerebrovascular diseases that may require a multidisciplinary care team. This study aims to assess the readability of online patient education materials related to cerebrovascular diseases and to contrast the readability of those materials produced by academic institutions with those of non-academic sources.Methods: The readability of online patient education materials was analyzed using Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) assessments. Readability of academic-based online patient education materials was compared to nonacademic online patient education materials. Online patient education materials from 20 academic institutions and five sources from the web were included in the analysis.Results: Overall median FKGL for neurovascular-related patient online education documents was 11.9 (95% CI: 10.8–13.1), reflecting that they are written at a 12th grade level, while the median FRE was 40.6 (95% CI: 34.1–47.1), indicating a rating as “difficult” to read. When comparing academic-based online patient education materials to other internet sources, there was no significant difference in FRE and FKGL scores (P = 0.63 and P = 0.26 for FKGL and FRE, respectively).Conclusion: This study demonstrates that online patient education materials pertaining to cerebrovascular diseases from major academic centers and other nonacademic internet sites are difficult to understand and written at levels significantly higher than that recommended by national agencies. Both academic and nonacademic sources reflect this finding equally. Further study and implementation are warranted to investigate how improvements can be made.

Increasing Use of Kidney Sparing Approaches for Localized Renal Tumors in a Community Based Health System: Impact on Renal Functional Outcomes

movement for represented in many ways a new phase in the black freedom struggle in the United States and other parts of the African world. And whereas the campaigns in the United States to end legal segregation and to advance black civil rights have been the subject of scholarly analysis for several decades, Black Power Studies is an emerging subfield in African and African American Studies and in the history of the African Diaspora. And even at this early stage of scholarly research and interpretation, certain themes and trends have emerged in the examination of the Black Power Movement (BPM), especially regarding continuities and discontinuities with earlier social, political, and cultural movements among African-descended people. This Special Issue of Journal of African American History presents Black Power which document those characteristics shared with earlier black social movements as well as those organizations, activities, and leaders who arrived on the political and cultural scene only in the late 1960s and 1970s. (1) Scholars have already described the preoccupation with Africa and African affairs on the part of Black Power groups such as Malcolm X's Organization of Afro-American Unity, Maulana Karenga's US Organization, the Republic of New Africa; the advocates for the creation of Black Studies programs; and Stokely Carmichael and other Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) members in the late 1960s. (2) Fanon Che Wilkins in his essay The Making of Black Internationalists: SNCC and Africa Before the Launching of Black Power, 1960-1965 presents a well-documented account of the relations between the black student activists and Africa in the 1960s. James Forman, who served as SNCC Executive Secretary beginning in early 1961, had been involved in African Studies from his undergraduate years when he studied with social scientist St. Clair Drake at Roosevelt University in Chicago. Forman established the connections between SNCC and the Pan African Students Organization in the Americas and other international student organizations, and coordinated joint protests and other activities with African students and diplomats in the United States. 1964 trip of eleven SNCC members to Africa solidified the relationships between the newly independent African nations and African Americans, and laid the groundwork for increased international activities in the Black Power era in the late 1960s. Black Power era witnessed not only a cultural and artistic revolution among African-descended people in various parts of the world, but also the appearance of a wide variety of new black publications, including Black Scholar, First World (magazine), Journal of Black Studies, and Review of Black Political Economy, founded in 1970 by economist Robert S. Browne. (3) In her essay An African-Vietnamese American: Robert S. Browne, the Antiwar Movement, and the Personal/Political Dimensions of Black Internationalism, Judy Tzu-Chun Wu examines the unique internationalist perspective that Browne brought to the movement for Black Power. Browne not only lived and worked in Southeast Asia for the U.S. government in the 1950s, he also married a woman of Vietnamese and Chinese ancestry. When nationwide protests erupted in the late 1960s over the U.S. war in Vietnam, Browne emerged as the authentic African Vietnamese voice in numerous antiwar campaigns and protests. Wu documents Browne's activities in support of the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam long before that stance was taken by other civil rights and Black Power leaders and organizations. As Browne pointed out, I was the one Black who had been connected with [the antiwar] movement before prominent Blacks like Martin Luther King, Julian Bond, and Dick Gregory eventually spoke out. movement for Black Power emerged in the United States in 1966 and eventually spread internationally to the Caribbean and South America, and in South Africa with the launching of the Black Consciousness Movement led by Steven Biko. …

Many complex abdominal hernias are referred to tertiary academic institutions for evaluation and treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes from complex abdominal hernia repairs and abdominal wall reconstructions at a community hospital vs high volume academic centers participating in Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC). Patients undergoing elective complex abdominal hernia repair were identified in our community setting and treated between 2016 and 2019. These results were then compared to Academic centers in the ACHQC database. Complex hernia definition was limited to those who have undergone any myofascial advancement procedure for homogeneity. Informed consent was obtained, and study was IRB approved. All data was de-identified. A total of 180 patients underwent complex abdominal hernia repair at our community hospital. The ACHQC database identified 6299 patients meeting criteria at participating academic centers. Demographics were similar between the two groups including hernia grade, size and wound class. Academic centers tended to have patients with previous component separations (25.7% vs 10.6%) and immunosuppressed (7.2% vs 2.8%), while the community hospital patients included more patients with tobacco use (18.9% vs 12.1%) and hypertension (65% vs 54.9%). Operative times were significantly less at the community hospital, patients requiring >240 minutes of time for repair at academic centers (39.6% vs 5%). Postoperatively length of stay was significantly shorter at the community hospital group averaging 3.7days vs academic centers of 6days (P < .05). Although overall complications were less in the community hospital group (26.5% vs 19.4%). Readmission within 30days was nearly twice as frequent in the community hospital group (14.4% vs 7.7%). Community hospitals can provide comparable care and surgical expertise as major academic centers in regard to complex hernias in a large majority of cases. There is a need for dedicated care coordination and continuous review of supporting staff and outcomes is necessary to assure quality care. There is still a need to identify which patients would benefit from treatment at an academic center as opposed to a community hospital in order to maximize patient access and outcomes at both types of hospital setting. Further investigation needs to be performed regarding criteria for which patients should be transferred to academic centers for their complex hernia care. Identifying patients who would benefit from treatment at Academic Centers as opposed to Community hospitals should continue to be investigated.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a number of deficiencies in our US health care system, most notably the disproportionately poor health care outcomes in Latinx and African-American populations.1-3 My experiences over the past two months have shed light on another disparity - the enormous differential in emergency and critical care physician surge capacity between cities with robust medical academic institutions and communities that are situated far away from large medical schools.

Kariera uniwersytecka Józefa Reinholda nie była zbyt długa, trwała bowiem zaledwie dziesięć lat (1918-1928). Przedwczesna śmierć w 44 roku życia sprawiła, że w gronie twórców i luminarzy polskiej nauki prawa karnego zajmuje on miejsce drugoplanowe, pozostając w cieniu takich profesorskich sław, jak: Edmund Krzymuski, Juliusz Makarewicz czy Józef Rosenblatt. Jednak dorobek naukowy Józefa Reinholda, zwłaszcza opublikowana w 1913 r. praca pt. „Środki zabezpieczające przeciw przestępcom” pretenduje go do miana prekursora kierunku socjologicznego w polskim prawie karnym XX wieku. Był także pierwszym na ziemiach polskich propagatorem polityki kryminalnej, którą uznawał za odrębna dyscyplinę prawa. Dzięki naukowym opracowaniom Józefa Reinholda kierunek socjologiczny zyskał na ziemiach polskich coraz szersze uznanie, co znalazło swój namacalny wyraz w rozdziale XII („Środki zabezpieczające”) polskiego kodeksu karnego z 1932 r. Zasługi Józefa Reinholda w propagowaniu założeń szkoły socjologicznej przesłoniły jednak dokonania naukowe Juliusza Makarewicza, twórcy polskiego kodeksu karnego. Znaczną część swojego zawodowego życia związał z praktyką w krakowskim sądownictwie (1910-1921). W przeciwieństwie do swoich profesorskich kolegów i mistrzów Józef Reinhold nie był „naturą bojową i cechowało go zawsze umiarkowanie”. W tym może tkwi także sekret, że w historii polskiej nauki prawa i historii Żydów polskich nie znalazł należnego mu wybitnego miejsca tak ze względu na oryginalny i twórczy dorobek naukowy, jak i postawę „dobrego Żyda, zdolnego i ofiarnego obrońcy” religii mojżeszowej.

BackgroundBelarus is an Eastern European country, which has been little studied ethnobotanically. The aim of the study was to compare largely unpublished 19th century sources with more contemporary data on the use of wild food plants.MethodsThe information on 19th century uses is based on twelve, mainly unpublished, responses to Józef Rostafiński’s questionnaire from 1883, and the newly discovered materials of the ethnographer Michał Federowski, who structured his data according to Rostafiński’s questionnaire and documented it with voucher specimens. Rostafiński’s questionnaire was concerned mainly with Polish territories, but for historical reasons this also encompassed a large part of Belarus, and we analyzed only the twelve responses (out of the few hundred Rostafiński obtained), which concerned the present Belarus. These data were compared with a few 20th century ethnographic sources, and our own 40 interviews and questionnaires from Belarus.Results and discussion58 taxa of wild food plants used in the 19th century were identified. Some of them are still used in modern Belarus, others are probably completely forgotten. In the 19th century several species of wild greens were widely used for making soups. Apart from Rumex, other wild greens are now either forgotten or rarely used. The list of species used in the 20th and 21st century encompasses 67 taxa. Nearly half of them were mentioned by Rostafiński’s respondents. The list of fruit species has not changed much, although in the 19th century fruits were mainly eaten raw, or with dairy or floury dishes, and now apart from being eaten raw, they are incorporated in sweet dishes like jams or cakes. Modern comparative data also contain several alien species, some of which have escaped from cultivation and are gathered from a semi-wild state, as well as children's snacks, which were probably collected in the 19th century but were not recorded back then.ConclusionThe responses to Rostafiński from 1883 present extremely valuable historical material as the use of wild food plants in Belarus has since undergone drastic changes, similar to those, which have taken place in other Eastern European countries.