Abstract
With the continuous promotion of industrialization and urbanization, China's environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious, which has caused considerable damage to the natural balance. Air pollution seriously harms people's physical and mental health, the ecological environment, and the social sustainable development of society. In this study, the backward trajectory model and multifractal methods were adopted to analyze air pollution in Zhengzhou. The backward trajectory analysis showed that most clusters of air pollution were from southern Hebei, eastern Shandong, and mid-western Henan, which were then transported to Zhengzhou. For the PSCF and CWT analyses, we selected four representative cities to explore how close the air pollution of Zhengzhou is to other areas on the basis of air polluted concentration. The results of several multifractal methods indicated that multifractality existed in the AQI time series of Zhengzhou and cross-correlations between Zhengzhou and each of the four cities. The widths of multifractal spectra showed that the air pollution in Zhengzhou was closest to that in Jinan, followed by Shijiazhuang, Zibo, and Luoyang. The CDFA analysis showed that carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) had important influences on air pollution in Zhengzhou. These findings offer a useful reference for air pollution sources and their potential contributions in Zhengzhou, which can support policy makers in environmental governance and in achieving sustainable urban development.
Highlights
Aerosols are colloids of fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the atmosphere that affect climate, weather, and air quality through a variety of mechanisms
After the shuffling procedure and phase-randomization, we found that carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were important air pollutants in affecting air quality, whereas fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) were less important
We used the backward trajectory model and multifractal methods to analyze the air pollution in Zhengzhou. e Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was used to divide the trajectories of air masses into five groups: Cluster 1, Cluster 2, Cluster 3, Cluster 4, and Cluster 5
Summary
Aerosols are colloids of fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the atmosphere that affect climate, weather, and air quality through a variety of mechanisms. E PBL involves a number of chemical, physical, and dynamic processes that are closely related to the accumulation of aerosol pollution, which has a negative impact on the climate and environment and poses a threat to human health [1,2,3].For example, exposures to aeroallergens may cause allergy symptoms, especially for sensitized patients. The transport of the pollen from distant sources may result in allergy symptoms in sensitized patients after the flowering periods [4]. E main factors that cause air pollution are natural sources and human activities. Natural sources mainly include plant pollen, soil dust, forest fire, and volcanic eruption, whereas human activities mainly include burning fuel, industrial emissions, and vehicle emissions. DSs cause environmental and human health problems and decrease in visibility, which limits various activities and increases traffic accidents [5]
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